### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **mizmôwr**, represented by `{{H4210}}`, defines a poem set to notes, or a psalm. It is derived from the root `{{H2167}}` `zâmar`, which means to make music with instruments. This term appears **57 times** across **57 unique verses**, primarily in the book of Psalms, where it serves as a technical title for these sacred compositions.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H4210}}` almost always appears in the introductory verse of a psalm, functioning as a classification or title. Many are directly attributed to David, such as the well-known "A **Psalm** of David" [[Psalms 23:1]], his prayer for deliverance [[Psalms 3:1]], and his psalm of repentance [[Psalms 51:1]]. Others are designated for specific liturgical purposes, such as "for the sabbath day" [[Psalms 92:1]] or as "A **Psalm** of praise" [[Psalms 100:1]]. These psalms are frequently addressed "To the chief Musician" `{{H5329}}`, indicating their role in organized, public worship [[Psalms 19:1]]. The term is also sometimes paired with `{{H7892}}` `shîyr`, or "song," as seen in titles like "A **Psalm** or Song of David" [[Psalms 68:1]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the function and context of a **mizmôwr**:
* `{{H2167}}` **zâmar**: As the root of `mizmôwr`, this word means "to touch the strings or parts of a musical instrument... to make music, accompanied by the voice; hence to celebrate in song and music". This highlights the instrumental nature of a psalm [[Psalms 92:1]].
* `{{H7892}}` **shîyr**: This word for "song" is often used in conjunction with `mizmôwr` to form a joint title, such as "A **Song** and **Psalm**" [[Psalms 30:1]], suggesting a composition that is both a poem and a melody.
* `{{H5329}}` **nâtsach**: Meaning "chief musician" or "overseer," this term appears in the superscriptions of dozens of psalms ([[Psalms 4:1]], 5:1, 6:1), showing that these were formal compositions intended for a leader of the Temple's music.
* `{{H8416}}` **tᵉhillâh**: Meaning "laudation; specifically (concretely) a hymn; praise," this word describes the content and purpose of many psalms. God's "praise" is a central theme [[Psalms 34:1]], and in one instance, a psalm of David is dedicated to his "praise" `{{H8416}}` [[Psalms 109:1]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4210}}` is demonstrated by its function as a primary vehicle for Israel's worship and relationship with God.
* **Structured Worship:** The consistent use of `mizmôwr` in psalm titles, often with instructions for the "chief Musician" `{{H5329}}` and specific instruments, points to a structured and intentional form of worship through music and poetry [[Psalms 4:1]].
* **A-Vessel for Praise:** A `mizmôwr` is fundamentally an act of praise. They are used to "sing" `{{H7891}}` and "give praise" `{{H2167}}` to God [[Psalms 108:1]], to "give thanks" `{{H3034}}` to the LORD [[Psalms 92:1]], and to "make a joyful noise" `{{H7321}}` to Him [[Psalms 100:1]].
* **Honest Lament:** Beyond praise, the `mizmôwr` provides a framework for honest lament and supplication. David uses this form to cry out in distress [[Psalms 13:1]], to seek deliverance from enemies [[Psalms 140:1]], and to confess deep sin [[Psalms 51:1]].
* **Theological Proclamation:** These psalms serve to "declare the glory of God" [[Psalms 19:1]] and proclaim His sovereignty over creation, as in "The earth is the LORD'S, and the fulness thereof" [[Psalms 24:1]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4210}}` **mizmôwr** is a specific and significant term for a poem designed for musical accompaniment. As the foundational label for the majority of the psalms, it represents a divinely sanctioned form for the full spectrum of human expression toward God. From exultant praise and thanksgiving to the depths of personal lament, the `mizmôwr` is a cornerstone of Israel's worship, providing a structured, musical, and lyrical means to engage with the living God.
TRV