### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **mâʼên**, represented by `{{H3986}}`, means to be **unwilling** or to **refuse**. It appears 4 times across 4 unique verses in the Bible. This term is used to describe a deliberate and firm rejection of a command or course of action, often in direct opposition to a divine instruction.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3986}}` is exclusively used to frame a confrontation between God's will and human defiance. It is most prominent in the book of Exodus, where it characterizes Pharaoh's stubbornness. God repeatedly warns Pharaoh of the consequences if he should **refuse** to let the Israelites go, with each refusal leading to a subsequent plague ([[Exodus 8:2]], [[Exodus 10:4]]). The term is also used in Jeremiah, where an individual is warned about the outcome if they **refuse** to follow the LORD's command to go forth [[Jeremiah 38:21]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context and consequences of refusal:
* `{{H7971}}` **shâlach** (to send away, for, or out): This is the action being refused. The core conflict in Exodus is that Pharaoh will not **shâlach**, or send away, the people, despite God's command [[Exodus 10:4]].
* `{{H2388}}` **châzaq** (to fasten upon; to seize, be strong... obstinate): This word describes the state of mind behind the refusal. Pharaoh is warned not only for refusing to let the people go but for his intent to **hold** them still, showing an obstinate grip [[Exodus 9:2]].
* `{{H5062}}` **nâgaph** (to push, gore, defeat... smite): This term signifies the direct consequence of refusal. God's warning is explicit: if you **refuse** to let them go, "I will **smite** all thy borders" [[Exodus 8:2]].
* `{{H3318}}` **yâtsâʼ** (to go (causatively, bring) out): This is the specific instruction being rejected in Jeremiah. The warning hinges on whether the person will obey the command to **go forth** or refuse to do so [[Jeremiah 38:21]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3986}}` is significant, highlighting the gravity of disobedience.
* **Confronting Divine Authority:** The word is used in moments of direct challenge to God. Pharaoh's refusal is not a simple disagreement but an act of defiance against the declared will of the LORD [[Exodus 9:2]].
* **Action and Consequence:** The use of `{{H3986}}` establishes a clear link between the act of refusal and divine judgment. Refusing to let God's people go results in plagues of frogs [[Exodus 8:2]] and locusts [[Exodus 10:4]].
* **The Stakes of Obedience:** The term underscores that obedience to God's word is a matter of critical importance. The choice to **refuse** a divine command, as seen in both Exodus and Jeremiah, is presented as a path leading to certain negative repercussions [[Jeremiah 38:21]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3986}}` is more than a simple term for being unwilling. It captures a moment of critical decision, representing active and willful defiance against a command from God. Its limited but powerful use in scripture, particularly in the Exodus account, serves as a stark reminder of the consequences that follow when human will is set in opposition to divine authority.
TRV