The Aramaic word mêʼmar, represented by H3983, refers to an authoritative statement or directive. It appears 2 times in 2 verses and its meaning encompasses {something (authoritatively) said, i.e. an edict}; appointment, word. This term is used to convey a command or official arrangement that must be followed.
In its biblical appearances, H3983 is used to describe both divine and human authority. In Daniel, it is the word of the holy ones which, along with a decree, establishes God's sovereignty over the kingdoms of men Daniel 4:17. In Ezra, it signifies the official appointment of the priests, which dictates the daily provisions required for temple offerings, an edict authorized by the king Ezra 6:9.
Several related Aramaic words clarify the concept of authoritative speech and command:
- H1510 gᵉzêrâh (a decree; decree.): This word appears alongside mêʼmar in the same verse, emphasizing the legal and binding nature of a divine judgment Daniel 4:17.
- H6600 pithgâm (a word, answer, letter or decree; answer, letter, matter, word.): Often translated as matter or decree, this term is used for formal communications, including royal answers and edicts Ezra 4:17.
- H7595 shᵉʼêlâʼ (properly, a question (at law), i.e. judicial decision or mandate; demand.): This term is used for a formal demand that carries legal or authoritative weight, such as the mandate from the holy ones Daniel 4:17.
- H3549 kâhên ({one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)}; priest.): The appointment H3983 in Ezra is given by the priests, showing their authority in matters of worship Ezra 6:9.
The theological weight of H3983 lies in its portrayal of how authority is communicated and executed.
- Divine Command: The term is used for the word of the holy ones, which forms part of a heavenly decree. This demonstrates that God's will is executed through declared, authoritative commands that impact human affairs Daniel 4:17.
- Priestly Authority: The term is also used for the appointment set by the priests of God H426. This highlights a structure of delegated authority within the religious system, where the needs for worship are established by an official directive Ezra 6:9.
In summary, H3983 is a precise term for a binding, authoritative statement. Though it appears only twice, it effectively illustrates the command structures of both the divine and earthly realms. Whether as a heavenly "word" that determines the fate of kings or a priestly "appointment" that organizes worship, mêʼmar signifies an edict that is to be carried out.
TRV