from לָעַג; derision, scoffing; derision, scorn (-ing).
Transliteration:laʻag
Pronunciation:lah'-ag
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew noun laʻag (לַעַג), Strong's number `{{H3933}}`, derives from the verbal root laʻag (לָעַג), meaning "to mock," "to scoff," or "to deride." As a noun, laʻag denotes the act or state of derision, scoffing, or scorn. It encapsulates the contemptuous and disdainful attitude or expression directed towards an object or person. The term carries a strong negative connotation, implying a deep lack of respect, often bordering on malice or open hostility. Its semantic range includes derision, mockery, scorn, and taunt, highlighting a deliberate attempt to belittle, humiliate, or invalidate.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The occurrences of laʻag in the Hebrew Bible consistently portray it as a painful experience for the recipient and a characteristic behavior of the ungodly or those in opposition to God's people.
In the Psalms, laʻag frequently describes the suffering of the righteous at the hands of their enemies. For instance, [[Psalm 79:4]] laments, "We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and derision (laʻag) to those around us," expressing the deep humiliation felt by the community. Similarly, [[Psalm 123:4]] speaks of the soul being "exceedingly filled with the scorn (laʻag) of those who are at ease, and with the contempt of the proud," highlighting the oppression faced by the faithful. [[Job 12:4]] also features Job's lament that he has become a "laughingstock (laʻag)" to his friends despite his righteousness.
Prophetic literature similarly uses laʻag to describe the prophet's personal suffering or the nation's humiliation. Jeremiah, for example, cries out in [[Jeremiah 20:8]], "For the word of the LORD has become for me a reproach and derision (laʻag) all day long," illustrating the personal cost of his prophetic ministry. [[Lamentations 3:14]] echoes this sentiment, stating, "I have become the derision (laʻag) of all my people, their taunt-song all day long."
While laʻag is often the experience of the righteous, the concept of divine derision is also present, though the noun itself is not always used in this context. [[Psalm 2:4]] states that the Lord "laughs" (from the verb sahaq) and "holds them in derision" (from the verb laʻag) when the nations conspire against Him. This demonstrates God's sovereign contempt for the futile plans of His adversaries, transforming their attempts at mockery into their own ultimate folly. Similarly, in [[Proverbs 1:26]], Wisdom declares that she will "laugh at your calamity" and "mock" (from the verb laʻag) when disaster overtakes those who reject her. This divine laʻag is not petty but a just response to human arrogance and rebellion, underscoring the futility of resisting divine truth.
### Related Words & Concepts
The concept of laʻag is often found in parallel or close association with other terms denoting shame, contempt, or mockery. Key related words include:
* `{{H2781}}` (ḥerpa): "reproach," "disgrace," "shame." Often paired with laʻag to emphasize the depth of humiliation, as seen in [[Psalm 79:4]].
* `{{H937}}` (buz): "contempt," "scorn," "disdain." Similar in meaning, often used interchangeably or in conjunction with laʻag to describe a dismissive attitude.
* `{{H7045}}` (qalal): "to be light," "to treat lightly," hence "to despise" or "to curse." The passive form can denote being made contemptible.
* `{{H7046}}` (qallon): "ignominy," "dishonor," "shame."
* `{{H8148}}` (shen): "tooth," but in idiomatic usage can refer to a "sharp tongue" or "sarcasm."
The thematic connections of laʻag extend to the suffering of the righteous, persecution, divine judgment against the wicked, and the contrast between wisdom and folly. The "scoffer" (from the verb laʻag) is a distinct character type in wisdom literature, standing in stark opposition to the wise and the diligent.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of laʻag is multifaceted.
Firstly, it highlights the reality of suffering and opposition faced by God's people in a fallen world. Enduring laʻag is often a mark of faithfulness, as those who align themselves with God's ways frequently become targets of ridicule from those who reject divine truth. This experience tests faith, encourages perseverance, and points to a future vindication by God.
Secondly, laʻag serves as a potent indicator of the moral and spiritual divide between the righteous and the wicked. The act of scoffing is frequently associated with pride, rebellion, and a rejection of wisdom or divine instruction. It is a behavior characteristic of those who refuse to acknowledge God's authority or His truth.
Thirdly, the concept of divine laʻag (as seen in the verbal form) underscores God's absolute sovereignty and His ultimate triumph over human rebellion. When God "derides" the wicked, it is not an act of petty malice but a demonstration of His unchallengeable power, wisdom, and justice. Their schemes, though seemingly formidable, are ultimately futile and deserving of divine contempt. This provides comfort and assurance to the righteous who suffer laʻag, knowing that their ultimate vindicator is the Lord Himself.
### Summary
Laʻag (לַעַג, `{{H3933}}`) is a significant Hebrew term denoting derision, scoffing, or scorn. It profoundly expresses the contempt and ridicule directed towards individuals or communities, often highlighting the suffering of the righteous at the hands of their adversaries. This word frequently appears in contexts of lament and persecution, underscoring the pain of being an object of disdain. Theologically, laʻag illuminates the reality of opposition to God's people, the moral character of the wicked, and, conversely, God's sovereign response to human rebellion. It reminds believers that while they may endure laʻag in this world, their ultimate vindication rests in the hands of a God who Himself holds the wicked in derision, demonstrating His ultimate control and justice.
TRV