### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **Lûwdîy**, represented by `{{H3866}}`, is a patrial name for the **Ludim** or **Lydians**, the inhabitants of Lud. It appears **3 times** in **3 unique verses** in the Bible. The term identifies a specific people group, often mentioned in genealogical or military contexts.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3866}}` is used to establish both lineage and military reputation. Genealogically, the **Ludim** are identified as the descendants of **Mizraim** `{{H4714}}`, also known as Egypt ([[Genesis 10:13]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:11]]). In a prophetic context, the **Lydians** are depicted as formidable warriors allied with other nations. They are described as those who **handle** `{{H8610}}` and **bend** `{{H1869}}` the **bow** `{{H7198}}`, highlighting their skill in archery [[Jeremiah 46:9]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words illuminate the context in which the **Lydians** `{{H3866}}` appear:
* `{{H4714}}` **Mizraim**: This name for **Egypt** is crucial as it identifies the progenitor of the **Ludim**, establishing their lineage in the table of nations [[Genesis 10:13]].
* `{{H1368}}` **gibbôwr**: Meaning **mighty man** or **warrior**, this term is used to describe the forces with whom the **Lydians** are assembled, emphasizing their military context [[Jeremiah 46:9]].
* `{{H1869}}` **dârak**: This verb, meaning to **bend** or tread, specifically describes the action of the **Lydians** preparing their bows for battle, highlighting their role as archers [[Jeremiah 46:9]].
* `{{H7198}}` **qesheth**: As the word for **bow**, this noun identifies the signature weapon of the **Lydians** in their military capacity [[Jeremiah 46:9]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H3866}}` is tied to its role within broader biblical themes of lineage and divine sovereignty over nations.
* **Inclusion in Divine Order:** By being listed as descendants of **Mizraim** `{{H4714}}` ([[Genesis 10:13]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:11]]), the **Ludim** are integrated into the biblical account of the world's peoples, showing that every nation has a place in the divinely established order.
* **Role in Prophetic Narrative:** In Jeremiah, the **Lydians** are depicted as proficient warriors, known for their skill with the **bow** `{{H7198}}`. Their inclusion as **mighty men** `{{H1368}}` in an international army illustrates how the specific abilities of different peoples are recognized and woven into the fulfillment of divine prophecy [[Jeremiah 46:9]].
* **Sovereignty Over Nations:** The mention of the **Lydians** as part of a powerful military alliance in Jeremiah 46 serves a larger theological point. While they are called to **come forth** `{{H3318}}` for battle, the prophecy ultimately declares judgment upon this coalition, demonstrating God's ultimate authority over the military might of all nations.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3866}}` **Lûwdîy** refers to the **Ludim** or **Lydians**, a people group identified by their lineage and military prowess. While appearing only three times, the term serves to place them within the biblical table of nations as descendants of **Mizraim** `{{H4714}}` and to characterize them as skilled archers. Their presence in Scripture, whether in genealogy or prophecy, reinforces the theme of God's comprehensive knowledge of and sovereignty over all the peoples of the earth.
TRV