The Hebrew word kâruthâh, represented by H3773, refers to something cut, specifically a hewn timber or beam. Its base definition is the passive participle feminine of a word meaning "to cut." It is a highly specific term, appearing only 3 times across 3 unique verses in the Bible.
In its biblical usage, H3773 is exclusively found in the context of Solomon's major construction projects. It describes the structural wooden beams used in building the courts of the temple and other significant edifices. For instance, the inner court of the temple was built with "a row of cedar beams" 1 Kings 6:36. Similarly, the "house of the forest of Lebanon" was constructed with cedar beams set upon rows of pillars 1 Kings 7:2. The great court of the Lord's house also incorporated these hewn beams into its design 1 Kings 7:12.
Several related words help clarify the architectural context of H3773:
- H1129 bânâh (to build): A primitive root meaning to build, this verb is used in every verse where H3773 appears, describing the act of construction for which the beams were necessary 1 Kings 6:36.
- H730 'erez (cedar tree): This word specifies the type of wood used for the beams. In all its occurrences, H3773 refers to "cedar beams," indicating the use of this strong and valuable timber in these important structures 1 Kings 7:12.
- H2905 ṭûwr (a row): The beams were arranged in a "row," often alongside rows of hewed stones, showing the orderly and patterned nature of the construction 1 Kings 6:36.
- H5982 ʻammûwd (pillar): These beams were placed upon pillars for support, as seen in the construction of the house of the forest of Lebanon, which had "cedar beams upon the pillars" 1 Kings 7:2.
While a technical term, the use of H3773 carries significance within the narrative.
- Architectural Precision: The specific mention of hewn beams highlights the detailed and deliberate nature of the construction of sacred and royal spaces, such as the courts of "the house of the LORD" 1 Kings 7:12.
- Structural Integrity: As a key building component, the beam represents the support and foundation of these grand structures. They were placed "upon the pillars" to form the upper framework of a building 1 Kings 7:2.
- Quality of Materials: The consistent association of H3773 with cedar ('erez) underscores the use of high-quality, hewn materials for buildings dedicated to God and the king, reflecting the importance of these edifices 1 Kings 6:36.
In summary, H3773 is a precise architectural term for a hewn beam. Its few appearances are concentrated in the book of 1 Kings, where it details the construction of the temple and Solomon's palace. While not a broadly theological word, its use emphasizes the structural integrity, quality materials, and meticulous design invested in these central buildings of ancient Israel.
TRV