### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kâçal**, represented by `{{H3688}}`, means **to be foolish** or **silly**. As a primitive root, its proper meaning is **to be fat**, a concept used figuratively in scripture to denote foolishness. This term is highly specific, as it appears only **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single appearance of `{{H3688}}` is found in Jeremiah, where it is used to deliver a sharp critique of idolatry. The prophet states that idolaters are "altogether brutish and **foolish**" [[Jeremiah 10:8]]. In this context, the word describes a profound lack of spiritual sense. This foolishness is directly linked to the act of worshipping inanimate objects, as the verse concludes that "the stock is a doctrine of vanities." The term is not used in isolation but is paired with "brutish" to emphasize a complete and utter state of unreason.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its only context in [[Jeremiah 10:8]] help clarify its meaning:
* `{{H1197}}` **bâʻar** (to be brutish, kindle): This word, used alongside `{{H3688}}`, means **to be brutish**. The same chapter states, "Every man is brutish in his knowledge" regarding graven images [[Jeremiah 10:14]]. The word also carries the meaning "to kindle" or "burn," as seen when the angel of the Lord appeared in a bush that "burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed" [[Exodus 3:2]].
* `{{H259}}` **ʼechâd** (one, altogether): In its context with `{{H3688}}`, this word is translated as "altogether," signifying a complete and unified state of foolishness. More broadly, it is the primary Hebrew word for "one," as used in the declaration that a man and wife "shall be one flesh" [[Genesis 2:24]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3688}}` is concentrated in its singular, powerful use as a condemnation of false worship.
* **Folly of Idolatry:** The word directly equates the worship of idols with being **foolish**. It defines the practice not merely as an error, but as a state of profound spiritual silliness stemming from adherence to a "doctrine of vanities" [[Jeremiah 10:8]].
* **A State of Brutishness:** Paired with **bâʻar** `{{H1197}}`, the text describes a condition that is spiritually senseless and unenlightened. This links foolishness to a rejection of divine knowledge in favor of man-made falsehoods [[Jeremiah 10:14]].
* **Unity in Error:** The use of "altogether" `{{H259}}` before "brutish and foolish" implies a complete and collective condition. This idea of total corruption is seen elsewhere, such as in the declaration that "there is none that doeth good, no, not one" [[Psalms 14:3]].
### Summary
In summary, while **kâçal** `{{H3688}}` is one of the rarest words in the biblical lexicon, its single appearance provides a crucial theological definition. It firmly establishes the worship of anything other than God as an act of ultimate foolishness. Its placement in [[Jeremiah 10:8]], surrounded by words emphasizing a complete and brutish state, serves as a stark warning against the spiritual emptiness of idolatry.
TRV