a primitive root; properly, to intertwine or contract, i.e. (by implication) to shrivel (as with heat); figuratively, to be deeply affected with passion (love or pity); be black, be kindled, yearn.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kâmar**, represented by `{{H3648}}`, is a primitive root with a powerful dual meaning. It appears **4 times** in **4 unique verses**. Its base definition is to intertwine or contract, which leads to two distinct applications: physically, to **shrivel** or become **black** as with heat, and figuratively, to be deeply affected with passion, such as love or pity, and to **yearn** or be **kindled**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3648}}` is used to express both intense physical suffering and overwhelming emotional depth. In a physical sense, it describes the effects of a terrible famine, where "Our skin was **black** like an oven" [[Lamentations 5:10]]. Figuratively, it captures profound compassion. Joseph's "bowels did **yearn**" upon seeing his brother [[Genesis 43:30]], and the true mother's "bowels **yearned**" for her son before King Solomon [[1 Kings 3:26]]. This same emotional intensity is applied to God, whose "repentings are **kindled** together" as He considers what to do with Ephraim [[Hosea 11:8]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words expand on the emotional and compassionate aspects of `{{H3648}}`:
* `{{H7356}}` **racham** (bowels, compassion, tender love, mercy, pity): This word for "bowels" or "compassion" is directly paired with `{{H3648}}` in contexts of deep yearning ([[Genesis 43:30]], [[1 Kings 3:26]]), illustrating how the internal organs were seen as the source of profound emotion.
* `{{H5150}}` **nichûwm** (comfort, repenting): Defined as solace or repenting, this word appears alongside `{{H3648}}` in [[Hosea 11:8]], where God’s "repentings are kindled," connecting the idea of kindled passion to God's deep feelings of compassionate reconsideration.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3648}}` is found in its ability to connect the physical to the emotional and the human to the divine.
* **The Seat of Compassion:** The use of `{{H3648}}` to describe bowels that "yearn" ([[Genesis 43:30]], [[1 Kings 3:26]]) establishes a visceral, undeniable expression of familial love and pity. It portrays compassion not as a thought, but as a powerful internal event.
* **Divine Passion and Mercy:** The term is elevated to a divine level in [[Hosea 11:8]], where God's repentings are "kindled." This reveals a God who is not distant or unmoved, but is deeply affected by His relationship with His people, with His compassion burning like a fire.
* **The Physicality of Judgment:** In its literal sense, the word vividly portrays the consequences of judgment. The "black" skin in [[Lamentations 5:10]] is a stark, physical manifestation of the suffering caused by famine, linking external hardship to an internal state of being "shriveled" by affliction.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3648}}` is a dynamic term that bridges the gap between a physical state and an intense emotional one. It can describe a body shriveled by heat and famine or a heart "kindled" with overwhelming compassion. Through its limited but powerful appearances, it illustrates the profound nature of love and mercy in both humanity and God, showing how deep feeling can be a palpable, burning force within.
TRV