### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **Yoqṭân**, represented by `{{H3355}}`, identifies an **Arabian patriarch**. Its base definition is "he will be made little". The name appears **6 times** across **6 unique verses**, consistently within genealogical lists that trace the descendants of Noah's son, Shem.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, **Yoqṭân** `{{H3355}}` is presented as a significant link in the table of nations. He is the son of **Eber** `{{H5677}}` and the brother of **Peleg** `{{H6389}}` ([[Genesis 10:25]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:19]]). His family line is noted in the context of a pivotal event, as his brother was named Peleg because in his **days** `{{H3117}}` the **earth** `{{H776}}` was **divided** `{{H6385}}`. The primary role of Joktan is that of a progenitor; the texts record that he **begat** `{{H3205}}` numerous sons, including Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, and Jerah ([[Genesis 10:26]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:20]]), as well as Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab ([[Genesis 10:29]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:23]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words are essential for understanding Joktan's place in the biblical genealogies:
* `{{H5677}}` **ʻÊbêr** (Eber, the name of two patriarchs and four Israelites): He is the father of both Joktan and his brother Peleg, establishing their direct lineage from Shem [[Genesis 10:25]].
* `{{H6389}}` **Peleg** (earthquake; Peleg, a son of Shem): As the **brother** `{{H251}}` of Joktan, his name marks the historical period when the earth was divided [[1 Chronicles 1:19]].
* `{{H1121}}` **bên** (a son): This word is repeatedly used to list the many descendants of Joktan, emphasizing his role as the father of clans and peoples [[Genesis 10:29]].
* `{{H3205}}` **yâlad** (to bear young; causatively, to beget): This verb establishes Joktan's patriarchal function, listing the sons he **begat** `{{H3205}}` who would go on to lead their own tribes [[Genesis 10:26]].
### Theological Significance
The genealogical significance of `{{H3355}}` is rooted in its role within the post-flood world.
* **Patriarchal Lineage:** Joktan is a descendant of Shem through his father, **ʻÊbêr** `{{H5677}}`, placing his offspring firmly within the Semitic family of nations [[Genesis 10:21]].
* **Progenitor of Arabian Peoples:** Joktan's primary importance is as the father of the founders of various Arabian tribes. His sons, such as **Sheleph** `{{H8026}}`, **Hazarmaveth** `{{H2700}}`, and **Ophir** `{{H211}}`, are tied to locations and peoples in Arabia.
* **Marker of an Era:** The mention of his brother **Peleg** `{{H6389}}` and the division of the **earth** `{{H776}}` connects Joktan's immediate family to a foundational event in the distribution of humanity across the world [[Genesis 10:25]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3355}}` **Yoqṭân** is a key figure in the biblical genealogies of Genesis and 1 Chronicles. While his name suggests "he will be made little," his legacy in scripture is defined by his large family. As the son of Eber and brother of Peleg, he serves as the patriarch from whom numerous Arabian peoples descend, cementing his importance in the biblical account of the nations.
TRV