### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew name **Yᵉṭûwr**, represented by `{{H3195}}`, identifies **Jetur, a son of Ishmael**. It appears **3 times** across **3 unique verses** in the Bible. The name's base definition is "encircled (i.e. inclosed)," and it is used in scripture to establish a specific ancestral line.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3195}}` is used to document genealogy and to identify a tribal group. Jetur is first listed as a son of Ishmael in the genealogical records of Genesis [[Genesis 25:15]]. This lineage is confirmed in 1 Chronicles, which states explicitly, "These are the sons of Ishmael" after listing Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah [[1 Chronicles 1:31]]. Beyond genealogy, the name Jetur also represents a people group, as they are mentioned alongside the Hagarites, Nephish, and Nodab as being engaged in war [[1 Chronicles 5:19]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify Jetur's identity and context in the scriptures:
* `{{H3458}}` **Yishmâʻêʼl** (Ishmael): This is the most critical relationship, as Jetur is explicitly identified as one of the **sons** `{{H1121}}` of Ishmael [[1 Chronicles 1:31]].
* `{{H1121}}` **bên** (son): This term defines the genealogical link between Jetur and his father, Ishmael, establishing his place in the patriarchal records.
* `{{H1905}}` **Hagrîy** (Hagarite): This word connects Jetur to a larger tribal alliance or region. In [[1 Chronicles 5:19]], Jetur is listed with the Hagarites as a group against whom war was made.
* `{{H4421}}` **milchâmâh** (war): This word establishes the context of conflict in which the people of Jetur are mentioned, showing their role in the historical interactions between tribes [[1 Chronicles 5:19]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H3195}}` is rooted in its contribution to biblical lineage and history.
* **Patriarchal Lineage:** The name Jetur is recorded to document the descendants of **Ishmael** `{{H3458}}`, who is identified as Abraham's oldest son. Jetur's inclusion in the genealogies of both Genesis and 1 Chronicles solidifies his place within this specific patriarchal line ([[Genesis 25:15]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:31]]).
* **From Person to People:** The use of Jetur's name evolves from representing a single individual to identifying a tribe. This is evident in [[1 Chronicles 5:19]], where Jetur is listed among groups like the **Hagarites** `{{H1905}}` who were involved in a **war** `{{H4421}}`.
* **Context of Conflict:** The appearance of Jetur in a narrative of **war** `{{H4421}}` highlights a history of tribal conflict. The text notes that war was **made** `{{H6213}}` with Jetur and his allies, defining part of their historical identity [[1 Chronicles 5:19]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3195}}` is more than just a name; it is a marker of both lineage and a collective tribal identity. Its appearances in scripture serve a dual purpose: to meticulously record the genealogical line of Ishmael's sons as seen in [[Genesis 25:15]] and [[1 Chronicles 1:31]], and to identify the resulting tribe as a participant in the region's historical conflicts [[1 Chronicles 5:19]]. Thus, Jetur functions as a key data point in the biblical account of the peoples descending from Abraham.
TRV