The Hebrew word 'Ăbîydân, represented by H27, is defined as father of judgment (i.e. judge). It is a proper name, identifying an Israelite. This word appears 5 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible, consistently referring to the same individual.
In the biblical narrative, H27 is consistently identified as the son of Gideoni H1441 and a prominent figure within the tribe of Benjamin H1144. He is described as the "captain" H5387 of the sons H1121 of Benjamin Numbers 2:22. His role as a leader is further emphasized as the "prince" H5387 of the children H1121 of Benjamin, who offered offerings Numbers 7:60. He was also "over the host" H6635 of the tribe H4294 of the children H1121 of Benjamin Numbers 10:24. On the ninth H8671 day H3117 of dedication, Abidan made a significant offering H7133, which included a sacrifice H2077 of peace offerings H8002 consisting of two H8147 oxen H1241, five H2568 rams H352, five H2568 he goats H6260, and five H2568 lambs H3532 of the first H1121 year H8141 Numbers 7:65.
Several related words expand upon the identity and role of Abidan:
- H1121 bên (son): This term frequently links Abidan to his father, Gideoni Numbers 1:11, and also describes broader familial and collective relationships, such as "children of Israel" Numbers 28:2.
- H1144 Binyâmîyn (Benjamin): This proper name identifies the specific Israelite tribe with which Abidan is associated, highlighting his tribal affiliation Judges 20:13.
- H5387 nâsîyʼ (prince): This term defines Abidan's authoritative position, identifying him as a "captain" or "prince" within his tribe Numbers 2:22.
- H1441 Gidʻônîy (Gideoni): As Abidan's father, this proper name firmly establishes his lineage and family identity Numbers 10:24.
- H4294 maṭṭeh (tribe): This word, used figuratively for "tribe," indicates the collective unit of people over which Abidan had leadership responsibilities Numbers 2:22.
- H6635 tsâbâʼ (host): This term describes the organized group or "host" of the tribe of Benjamin, over which Abidan was positioned Numbers 10:24.
- H2077 zebach (sacrifice): This term signifies the act of offering a "sacrifice," detailing a key religious duty performed by Abidan Numbers 7:65.
- H8002 shelem (peace offering): This specifies the type of "sacrifice" Abidan presented, often denoting a voluntary offering of thanks Numbers 7:65.
- H7133 qorbân (offering): This noun directly refers to a "sacrificial present" or "oblation," describing the specific contribution made by Abidan Numbers 7:65.
The theological significance of H27, Abidan, derives primarily from his role and the meaning of his name within the structured community of Israel.
- Leadership and Representation: As a "captain" and "prince" of Benjamin, Abidan's life exemplifies the responsibilities of tribal leadership in early Israel, representing his people before the LORD Numbers 2:22.
- Worship and Covenant Participation: His detailed involvement in offering a sacrifice and peace offerings Numbers 7:65 underscores the importance of prescribed worship and active participation in the covenant relationship established with God.
- Meaning of Name: While a proper name, "father of judgment" H27 could imply a foundational role in upholding justice or discerning truth within his tribal context, reflecting a potential character trait or expectation for leadership.
In summary, H27 'Ăbîydân is an Israelite leader from the tribe of Benjamin, consistently identified by his father Gideoni. His appearances in scripture highlight his position as a tribal "captain" and "prince," specifically noting his active participation in religious ceremonies through significant offerings. The meaning of his name, "father of judgment," subtly points to the intrinsic value and responsibility of leadership within the divine order of the Israelite community.
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