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H2552

חָמַם

châmam /khaw-mam'/ Audio pronunciations are computer-generated and may not be fully accurate. Provided as a convenience only.

a primitive root
to be hot (literally or figuratively)
enflame self, get (have) heat, be (wax) hot, (be, wax) warm (self, at).

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In depth

Word Study

A plain-language study of châmam — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word châmam, represented by H2552, is a primitive root primarily meaning to be hot. Appearing 13 times in 12 unique verses, its usage spans both literal and figurative applications. The term can describe the physical sensation of warmth, the act of getting heat from a source, or the state of being figuratively enflamed with passion or anger.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In its literal sense, châmam is used to describe natural and induced warmth. In Exodus 16:21, the sun waxed hot and melted the manna provided to the Israelites. It also refers to the simple comfort of being warm, as when a man uses wood from a tree to warm himself by a fire Isaiah 44:15-16. In a life-restoring event, the flesh of a child waxed warm when the prophet Elisha lay upon him 2 Kings 4:34. Figuratively, the word depicts intense spiritual or emotional states, such as "Enflaming châmam yourselves with idols" Isaiah 57:5 or a heart that was hot during deep meditation Psalms 39:3.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help clarify the concept of heat and its source:

  • H784 'êsh (fire): This is the literal source for much of the heat described. In Psalms 39:3, the psalmist's heart was hot and as a result, a fire burned within him.
  • H1197 bâʻar (to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by eating)): This verb describes the action that produces heat. It is used in parallel with châmam when a man takes wood to burn and warm himself Isaiah 44:15.
  • H3179 yâcham (to be hot; figuratively, to conceive): A close synonym for being warm. It is used in Ecclesiastes 4:11, which contrasts the heat H2552 two have together with how one can be warm H3179 alone.

Theological Significance

The theological applications of châmam are dual-sided, representing both life-sustaining righteousness and destructive sin.

  • Provision and Life: Warmth is depicted as a blessing and a necessity for life. Job speaks of righteousness as providing clothing so that the loins of the poor are warmed Job 31:20. The restoration of the child's life in 2 Kings 4:34 is marked by his flesh becoming warm. King David's servants sought someone to help him get heat in his old age 1 Kings 1:2.
  • Idolatrous Passion: The figurative heat of châmam is frequently associated with spiritual corruption. Israel is condemned for "Enflaming châmam yourselves with idols H410" Isaiah 57:5. Hosea describes a corrupt people as "all hot châmam as an oven H8574," a state that leads them to devour their judges and forget God Hosea 7:7.
  • Divine Judgment: The absence of heat is a sign of total desolation. In a prophecy of judgment, Isaiah states that a consuming fire will leave nothing behind, not even "a coal H1513 to warm châmam at" Isaiah 47:14.

Summary

In summary, châmam H2552 is a fundamental word that uses the physical concept of heat to explore deeper spiritual realities. It illustrates a biblical principle where the same element can be a source of life, comfort, and provision when used righteously, or a metaphor for sinful passion, idolatry, and judgment when directed away from God. From the sun's rays to the warmth of a human body, heat is a powerful symbol of both divine blessing and human failing.

Translation

How the KJV Renders It

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Morphology

Grammatical Forms

In the Hebrew Old Testament, this word appears as a verb and a noun across 22 occurrences, inflected in 12 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form. Select any form to read what each part of its name means, and to filter the occurrence list to it. The King James text tags 13 English words with this number, so the two totals can differ a little. These are this word’s own inflections, not words built from it — for those, see Related Words.

  • חֹם
  • יֵחַם
  • חַם
  • יָּחָם
  • יִתְחַמָּם
  • נֵּחָמִים
  • תְּחַמֵּם
  • יֵחַמּוּ
  • תֵּחַם
  • חַמּוֹתִי
  • חַם
  • לַחְמָ
Related

Related Words

3 entries in Strong’s name this word as their origin. These are its derivatives — a different relationship from the inflected forms above, which are this same word bent by grammar.

Other entries the study above points to — each one is drawn from a reference it makes. Follow the trail to see how the words connect.

Context

Theographic Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Distribution

Biblical Distribution

Appears in 12 verses across 8 of the 39 books. Most frequent in Isaiah (4 verses); never once in the other 31.

1
Exodus
1
1 Kings
1
2 Kings
2
Job
1
Psalms
1
Ecclesiastes
4
Isaiah
1
Hosea
Concordance

Every Occurrence

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, by grammatical form, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.