### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew noun `{{H2392}}` (חֹזֶק, *chôzeq*) is derived from the common verb `{{H2388}}` (חָזַק, *chazaq*), which broadly means "to be strong, seize, be firm, grow firm, be courageous." As a noun, *chôzeq* denotes the *state* or *quality* of strength, power, or firmness. It signifies the tangible manifestation of might or the inherent robustness of something or someone. Its semantic range primarily encompasses physical strength, the firmness of a grasp or action, and the overwhelming power of an entity, often divine. It emphasizes the active, decisive nature of strength rather than a passive state.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word `{{H2392}}` appears infrequently in the Hebrew Bible, but its few occurrences provide significant contextual depth:
* **[[Leviticus 6:28]]**: "And the earthenware vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken. But if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, that shall be scoured with *chôzeq* and rinsed in water." Here, *chôzeq* describes the manner in which the bronze vessel must be cleaned. It implies a vigorous, firm, or strong scouring action, emphasizing the thoroughness required for ritual purification. The "strength" or "firmness" refers to the intensity of the cleaning process necessary to remove any residue from the sin offering, ensuring the vessel's purity for future sacred use.
* **[[Ezekiel 20:33]]**: "As I live, declares the Lord GOD, surely with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm and with wrath poured out I will be king over you."
* **[[Ezekiel 20:34]]**: "I will bring you out from the peoples and gather you out of the countries where you are scattered, with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm and with wrath poured out."
In both instances in Ezekiel, *chôzeq* is used in the powerful phrase בְּיָד חֹזֶק (*b'yad chôzeq*), meaning "with a mighty hand" or "with a strong hand." This is a classic anthropomorphic expression for God's irresistible power and authority. In these contexts, it signifies Yahweh's absolute sovereignty and His decisive, overwhelming ability to execute His will upon Israel, whether in judgment (bringing them into the wilderness for purification) or in future restoration (gathering them from exile). The "mighty hand" conveys an active, undeniable force that accomplishes divine purposes.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **`{{H2388}}` (חָזַק, *chazaq*)**: The root verb of *chôzeq*. This verb is foundational, appearing hundreds of times, denoting a wide range of actions related to strength: to be strong, seize, hold fast, prevail, repair, encourage, or strengthen. *Chôzeq* is the nominalized expression of this underlying concept.
* **`{{H1369}}` (גְּבוּרָה, *gevurah*)**: Often translated as "might," "strength," or "valor," particularly in a heroic or military sense, or as an attribute of God's power.
* **`{{H2428}}` (חַיִל, *chayil*)**: Encompasses strength, ability, valor, wealth, or an army. It can denote physical, moral, or material strength.
* **`{{H5797}}` (עֹז, *'oz*)**: Signifies strength, might, or power, frequently used in connection with divine power or the strength of a ruler.
* **`{{H3581}}` (כֹּחַ, *koach*)**: Refers to strength, power, or ability, often denoting inherent or potential energy.
The concept of *chôzeq* is thus part of a rich semantic field of words describing power, but it specifically emphasizes the firmness and decisive manifestation of that strength.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of *chôzeq* primarily emerges from its application to the divine hand in Ezekiel.
* **Divine Omnipotence and Sovereignty**: The phrase "with a mighty hand" in Ezekiel unequivocally portrays God's absolute power. It is not merely a description of strength but an affirmation of His ability to unilaterally bring about His will. This power transcends human resistance and ensures the fulfillment of His plans, whether in judgment against a rebellious people or in their ultimate restoration. It underscores God's total sovereignty over history and human destiny.
* **God's Covenant Faithfulness**: In Ezekiel, God's "mighty hand" is not an arbitrary display of force but an instrument of His covenant faithfulness. He will gather His people because He is true to His promises, and His power guarantees their execution. This strength is inextricably linked to His divine character and His unwavering commitment to His covenant people.
* **Holiness and Purity**: The usage in [[Leviticus 6:28]] highlights the meticulousness required in the worship and service of a holy God. The "strength" or "firmness" of the cleansing action underscores the seriousness of defilement and the thoroughness demanded in maintaining ritual and moral purity within the covenant community.
### Summary
The Hebrew word *chôzeq* (`{{H2392}}`), derived from `{{H2388}}` (*chazaq*), denotes "power" or "strength," specifically emphasizing the quality of firmness and decisive manifestation. While its occurrences are few, they are profoundly significant. In [[Leviticus 6:28]], it describes the vigorous "firmness" required for thorough ritual cleansing, underscoring the meticulousness of purity in worship. More prominently, in [[Ezekiel 20:33]] and [[Ezekiel 20:34]], *chôzeq* is central to the powerful expression "with a mighty hand" (בְּיָד חֹזֶק), which describes the irresistible, sovereign power of Yahweh. This usage highlights God's absolute ability to execute His divine will, whether in judgment or in the ultimate restoration of His people, thereby affirming His omnipotence and unwavering covenant faithfulness. *Chôzeq* thus encapsulates the essence of manifest, decisive strength, particularly as an attribute of the divine.
TRV