from an unused root probably meaning to sew; a string; by implication, a measuring tape; cord, fillet, line, thread.
Transliteration:chûwṭ
Pronunciation:khoot
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word chûwṭ (חוּט, `{{H2339}}`) primarily denotes a "string" or "thread." Its etymological root is considered unused, though it is commonly linked to the concept of "sewing," which inherently involves the use of such linear materials for joining or binding. The semantic range of chûwṭ extends from a simple, fine thread to a more substantial "cord" or "line." By implication, it can refer to a "measuring tape" or "measuring line," highlighting its function in establishing dimensions or boundaries. Lexical renderings include "cord," "fillet," "line," and "thread," each emphasizing its elongated, flexible, and often functional nature. The term captures the essence of a slender, linear material used for various practical purposes, from the mundane act of sewing to the symbolic act of marking or binding.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word chûwṭ appears in several significant biblical contexts, each revealing a facet of its meaning:
* **Genesis 14:23**: In Abraham's refusal of spoils from the king of Sodom, he declares, "I will not take a thread or a sandal strap or anything that is yours, lest you should say, 'I have made Abram rich.'" [[Genesis 14:23]] Here, "thread" (חוּט) signifies the smallest, most insignificant item, emphasizing Abraham's absolute refusal to benefit from a pagan king and his sole reliance on God for provision and blessing.
* **Joshua 2:18, 21**: Rahab is instructed to tie a "scarlet cord" (חוּט הַשָּׁנִי) in her window as a sign for her salvation during the destruction of Jericho. [[Joshua 2:18]], [[Joshua 2:21]] This is a pivotal instance where chûwṭ functions as a visible token of a covenant of protection, a physical marker of divine grace and deliverance. The color scarlet further imbues it with symbolic significance, often associated with blood and redemption.
* **1 Kings 7:15, Jeremiah 52:21**: In descriptions of the Temple's pillars, chûwṭ is used to denote a "measuring line" (חוּט). [[1 Kings 7:15]], [[Jeremiah 52:21]] Specifically, it describes the circumference of the pillars, indicating precision and adherence to specific dimensions. This usage highlights the word's application in architectural and structural contexts, signifying order, design, and adherence to exact specifications.
* **Ecclesiastes 4:12**: The proverb states, "And though a man might prevail against one who is alone, two will withstand him—a threefold cord is not quickly broken." [[Ecclesiastes 4:12]] Here, chûwṭ forms part of the phrase "threefold cord" (חוּט הַמְשֻׁלָּשׁ), serving as a powerful metaphor for strength in unity and companionship. A single thread is weak, but multiple threads interwoven create resilience and durability.
* **Ezekiel 40:3**: Ezekiel sees a man with a "linen cord" (חוּט פִּשְׁתִּים) and a measuring reed, used to measure the temple. [[Ezekiel 40:3]] Similar to the use in Kings and Jeremiah, this signifies precise divine measurement and design for the future temple, underscoring God's meticulous planning and the exactness of His revealed will.
### Related Words & Concepts
The semantic field of chûwṭ intersects with several other Hebrew terms and theological concepts:
* **`{{H2256}}` (chebel)**: Often translated as "rope" or "cord," but also "measuring line" or "portion/inheritance" (as measured by a line). While chûwṭ can be a fine thread, chebel typically denotes a thicker, stronger rope, though both share the function of binding or measuring.
* **`{{H4340}}` (mêtar)**: Refers to "tent cords" or "curtain cords," specifically for securing tents or hangings. This term emphasizes the functional aspect of cords in nomadic life and tabernacle construction.
* **Binding and Connection**: The core function of chûwṭ (sewing, tying) links it to concepts of unity, covenant, and attachment. This is particularly evident in the "threefold cord" of Ecclesiastes and Rahab's "scarlet cord."
* **Measurement and Order**: Its use as a "measuring line" connects chûwṭ to divine precision, architectural design, and the establishment of boundaries or specifications, as seen in the Temple measurements.
* **Symbolism of Fragility and Strength**: A single chûwṭ can represent weakness or insignificance (Abraham's thread), while multiple interwoven chûwṭ (the threefold cord) symbolize formidable strength and resilience.
### Theological Significance
The seemingly simple word chûwṭ carries profound theological weight, particularly through its symbolic uses:
* **Covenant and Salvation**: Rahab's scarlet cord is a powerful prefigurement of salvation through a visible sign. The color scarlet is often associated with blood, pointing forward to the atoning blood of Christ. It demonstrates God's sovereign grace and faithfulness to those who believe and act in faith, providing a means of escape from judgment.
* **Divine Order and Precision**: The recurring use of chûwṭ as a "measuring line" in prophetic visions (Ezekiel) and temple descriptions (Kings, Jeremiah) underscores God's meticulous nature. It signifies that God's plans, whether for judgment or restoration, are executed with perfect order, precision, and adherence to His divine blueprint. It speaks to a God who builds and restores with exactness, not haphazardly.
* **Unity and Community**: The "threefold cord" in Ecclesiastes provides a foundational theological principle for human relationships and the Church. It illustrates that strength, endurance, and effectiveness are amplified through unity, mutual support, and the presence of God within a community. It implies that a life lived in isolation is vulnerable, whereas one lived in supportive fellowship is robust.
* **Integrity and Dependence**: Abraham's refusal of even a "thread" from the king of Sodom highlights a principle of uncompromising integrity and absolute dependence on God. It teaches that true blessing comes from God alone, untainted by worldly gain or compromise. This act sets a precedent for separating oneself from unholy alliances and trusting solely in divine provision.
### Summary
The Hebrew word chûwṭ (חוּט, `{{H2339}}`), though literally referring to a "string," "thread," or "cord," carries significant theological depth. From its humble origins as a material for "sewing," it expands to encompass functional roles as a "measuring line" and profound symbolic representations. Biblically, chûwṭ serves as a tangible sign of divine covenant and salvation (Rahab's scarlet cord, [[Joshua 2:18]]), a metaphor for the strength found in unity and community (the threefold cord, [[Ecclesiastes 4:12]]), and an emblem of God's precise and ordered design for His creation and temple (measuring line, [[Ezekiel 40:3]]). Furthermore, Abraham's refusal of a mere "thread" from Sodom underscores principles of integrity and exclusive reliance on God's provision ([[Genesis 14:23]]). Thus, chûwṭ transcends its basic lexical definition, offering rich insights into divine faithfulness, human relationships, and the meticulous nature of God's redemptive and architectural plans.
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