apparently a variation for זֵיתָן; Zetham, an Israelite; Zetham.
Transliteration:Zêthâm
Pronunciation:zay-thawm'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word זֵתָם (Zêthâm), Strong's number `{{H2241}}`, functions exclusively as a proper noun, identifying a specific individual within the biblical narrative. Its base definition indicates that it is "apparently a variation for זֵיתָן," which is `{{H2132}}` (Zeythan). The lemma `{{H2132}}` carries the meaning "olive-tree" or "olive-like." Therefore, while זֵתָם itself does not possess a broad semantic range beyond its nominative function, its etymological root strongly suggests an association with the olive tree. This connection imbues the name with potential symbolic resonances related to fruitfulness, anointing, and enduring vitality, though these are secondary to its primary role as a personal identifier.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The name Zetham (זֵתָם) appears twice in the Hebrew Bible, both instances within the book of 1 Chronicles, specifically in the genealogical and administrative records concerning the Levites during the reign of King David.
1. **[[1 Chronicles 23:8]]**: Zetham is listed among the sons of Jehiel, a Levite of the Gershonite lineage, belonging to the family of Ladan. This chapter details David's organization of the Levites into divisions for service in the temple, specifying their ages and duties. Zetham's inclusion here places him within the structured framework of sacred service.
2. **[[1 Chronicles 26:22]]**: Here, Zetham is again mentioned as one of the sons of Jehiel, alongside his brother Joel. They are identified as being "over the treasuries of the house of the Lord." This verse further specifies Zetham's administrative role, indicating his responsibility in managing the sacred resources and offerings dedicated to God's sanctuary.
In both contexts, Zetham is presented as a faithful and active participant in the Levitical service, entrusted with significant responsibilities within the divinely ordered system of worship and administration. His appearances underscore the meticulous record-keeping and the importance of individual roles within the larger communal devotion to God.
### Related Words & Concepts
The most directly related word to Zetham (`{{H2241}}`) is its presumed root, זֵיתָן (Zeythan, `{{H2132}}`), meaning "olive-tree." This etymological link connects Zetham to the rich symbolism of the olive tree throughout the biblical text. The olive tree is often depicted as a symbol of:
* **Fruitfulness and Prosperity**: As seen in [[Psalm 52:8]] ("like a green olive tree in the house of God") and [[Psalm 128:3]] ("your children like olive shoots around your table").
* **Anointing and Consecration**: Olive oil was essential for anointing priests, kings, and prophets, symbolizing divine selection and empowerment (e.g., [[Exodus 30:25]], [[1 Samuel 10:1]]). It also fueled the lamps in the tabernacle/temple, signifying divine light and presence.
* **Endurance and Steadfastness**: The olive tree is known for its longevity and resilience, often representing God's enduring covenant and the steadfastness of His people (e.g., [[Jeremiah 11:16]]).
* **Israel**: In the New Testament, Paul uses the imagery of the cultivated olive tree and wild olive branches to illustrate the relationship between Israel and the Gentile believers ([[Romans 11:17-24]]).
Beyond the etymological link, Zetham's role connects him to broader concepts such as:
* **Levitical Service**: His position as a Levite highlights the importance of dedicated service to God, the meticulous organization of worship, and the stewardship of sacred duties.
* **Stewardship**: Being "over the treasuries of the house of the Lord" emphasizes the concept of responsible management of divine resources.
* **Divine Order**: The detailed genealogies and administrative lists in Chronicles reflect God's providential ordering of His people and their functions.
### Theological Significance
As a proper noun, Zetham's direct theological significance is derived primarily from his historical role as a faithful Levite. His inclusion in the Chronicler's detailed records affirms the divine importance of every individual's contribution to the sacred work of God's kingdom. Zetham's specific responsibility over the temple treasuries underscores the biblical emphasis on integrity, accountability, and the proper management of resources dedicated to divine purposes. This highlights that even administrative tasks within the spiritual realm are considered sacred service.
Furthermore, the potential meaning of his name, "olive-tree," subtly infuses his identity with deeper theological resonance. The olive tree's symbolism of fruitfulness, anointing, and steadfastness can be seen as an ideal for those serving God. Zetham, as a Levite entrusted with the "treasuries of the house of the Lord," could be implicitly portrayed as one who was fruitful in his service, consecrated for his duties, and steadfast in his commitment to the divine order. His life, though briefly mentioned, stands as a testament to the myriad individuals who faithfully contributed to the worship and maintenance of God's sanctuary, ensuring the continuity of His covenant presence among His people.
### Summary
Zetham (`{{H2241}}`) is a Hebrew proper noun designating an Israelite Levite mentioned in the book of 1 Chronicles. His name is etymologically linked to the Hebrew word for "olive-tree" (`{{H2132}}`). Zetham appears in [[1 Chronicles 23:8]] as a son of Jehiel, a Levite of the Gershonite lineage, and is further specified in [[1 Chronicles 26:22]] as being entrusted with the significant responsibility of overseeing the "treasuries of the house of the Lord." His biblical occurrences highlight the meticulous organization of Levitical service during King David's reign and underscore the importance of individual roles within God's divinely ordered system of worship and administration. The subtle connection to the olive tree through his name evokes themes of fruitfulness, anointing, and steadfastness, implicitly portraying Zetham as a dedicated and consecrated servant in the Lord's house.
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