The Hebrew word zôw, represented by H2097, is a demonstrative pronoun meaning this or that; that, this. Though it appears only 2 times in 2 unique verses, it serves a critical function by pointing to a specific subject, promise, or consequence, adding emphasis and clarity to the statement.
In its biblical usage, H2097 highlights a sharp contrast between divine judgment and covenantal promise. In Hosea, it points to the specific consequence of Israel's unfaithfulness: after returning but not to God, becoming like a "deceitful bow," the prophet declares, "this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt" Hosea 7:16. Conversely, in Psalms, the word is used to specify God's testimony as a condition for blessing: if David's children keep the covenant and the testimony "that I shall teach them," their lineage will continue on the throne Psalms 132:12.
Several related words provide context for the two outcomes pointed to by H2097:
- H7725 shûwb (to turn back): This primitive root describes Israel's action of turning, but not toward God, which leads to judgment Hosea 7:16. It also describes the path to restoration, as when the wicked man is called to return to the LORD for mercy Isaiah 55:7.
- H7423 rᵉmîyâh (deceitful): This term, meaning remissness or treachery, describes the bow to which the unfaithful people are compared Hosea 7:16. A deceitful tongue is associated with violence and lies Micah 6:12.
- H3933 laʻag (derision): This is the direct consequence of unfaithfulness pointed to by H2097 in Hosea. It is often linked with reproach and scorn from one's enemies Psalms 79:4.
- H3925 lâmad (to teach): In contrast, this is the action God promises in Psalms 132:12, where keeping His testimony leads to blessing. The word signifies divine instruction that leads to profit and guidance in God's way Isaiah 48:17.
The theological weight of H2097 is derived entirely from what it specifies. It acts as a definitive marker to underscore key spiritual principles.
- The Certainty of Consequence: In Hosea 7:16, the use of "this" makes the coming derision an unavoidable and specific result of Israel's actions, demonstrating that turning away from God has a definite, negative outcome.
- The Condition of Covenant: In Psalms 132:12, "that" isolates God's testimony as the precise element that must be kept to secure the generational promise. It highlights obedience to God's teaching as the foundation of continued blessing.
- Contrasting Fates: The two uses of H2097 starkly contrast two paths: one of deceit that leads to derision, and one of heeding divine teaching that leads to an enduring throne.
In summary, H2097 is a simple demonstrative pronoun whose significance lies in its power to specify. While rare, its appearances are pivotal, serving to point directly to either the dire consequences of disobedience or the foundational conditions for receiving God's covenant blessings. It illustrates how even the smallest words in scripture can provide focus and underscore the clear choice between two destinies.
TRV