### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **Hădôwrâm**, represented by `{{H1913}}`, is a name of probable foreign derivation. According to its base definition, it refers to Hadoram, a son of Joktan, and the tribe descended from him. The name appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses**, representing figures involved in genealogy, diplomacy, and political conflict.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The name Hadoram is associated with different individuals in the biblical narrative. In the table of nations, Hadoram is listed as a son of Joktan, alongside **Uzal** `{{H187}}` and **Diklah** `{{H1853}}` ([[Genesis 10:27]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:21]]). In a separate account, Hadoram is the **son** `{{H1121}}` of **Tou** `{{H8583}}`, a Syrian **king** `{{H4428}}`. He was **sent** `{{H7971}}` as an envoy to **congratulate** `{{H1288}}` King David for his victory over **Hadarezer** `{{H1928}}`, bringing gifts of **gold** `{{H2091}}`, **silver** `{{H3701}}`, and **brass** `{{H5178}}` [[1 Chronicles 18:10]]. Finally, a man named Hadoram served **king** `{{H4428}}` **Rehoboam** `{{H7346}}` as the master over the **tribute** `{{H4522}}`. When sent to the children of **Israel** `{{H3478}}`, he was **stoned** `{{H7275}}` with **stones** `{{H68}}` until he **died** `{{H4191}}`, an event that prompted Rehoboam to **flee** `{{H5127}}` to **Jerusalem** `{{H3389}}` [[2 Chronicles 10:18]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the events surrounding the figures named Hadoram:
* `{{H7346}}` **Rᵉchabʻâm** (Rehoboam): This Israelite **king** `{{H4428}}` appointed Hadoram to a fatal post over the tribute [[2 Chronicles 10:18]].
* `{{H4522}}` **maç** (tribute): Defined as a burden or forced labor, this was the office Hadoram held. His attempt to enforce this **tribute** led directly to his death [[2 Chronicles 10:18]].
* `{{H8583}}` **Tôʻûw** (Tou): A Syrian **king** `{{H4428}}` who was at **war** `{{H4421}}` with Hadarezer. He sent his son Hadoram on a peaceful mission to David [[1 Chronicles 18:10]].
* `{{H7275}}` **râgam** (to stone): This word describes the method of execution used by the children of Israel against Hadoram, Rehoboam's tribute collector [[2 Chronicles 10:18]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H1913}}` is seen through the contrasting roles of the individuals who bear the name.
* **Ancestral Lineage:** Hadoram is first established in the genealogies as a son of Joktan, marking the origin of a tribe ([[Genesis 10:27]]; [[1 Chronicles 1:21]]).
* **Bearer of Peace:** As the son of Tou, Hadoram acts as a diplomatic envoy. He is sent to **enquire** `{{H7592}}` of King David's **welfare** `{{H7965}}` and foster goodwill between kingdoms [[1 Chronicles 18:10]].
* **Agent of Oppression:** In the service of Rehoboam, Hadoram is the face of an oppressive royal policy. His role as master of the **tribute** `{{H4522}}` makes him a target of the people's rebellion, and his violent death marks a crucial moment in the fracturing of Israel.
### Summary
In summary, the name **Hădôwrâm** `{{H1913}}` is multifaceted, representing more than one person in scripture. It appears in contexts of ancestral history, peaceful diplomacy, and violent political revolt. From a descendant of Joktan to an emissary of King Tou and finally to the doomed tribute master of King Rehoboam, the name Hadoram is attached to figures at pivotal points of lineage, international relations, and internal schism within Israel.
TRV