The Hebrew word ʼêbûwç, represented by H18, serves as a term for a manger or stall; crib. It appears 3 times across 3 unique verses in the Bible, signifying its specific function as a feeding place for livestock.
In the biblical narrative, H18 consistently refers to a feeding trough for animals. It highlights the basic needs and behavior of livestock, as seen in Isaiah 1:3, where "The ox H7794 knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib H18". This verse uses the familiar image of animals knowing their source of sustenance. Proverbs 14:4 states that "Where no oxen H504 are, the crib H18 is clean," emphasizing the function of the crib in relation to the presence of animals and their upkeep. Furthermore, in Job 39:9, the term is used in a question about the untamed nature of a wild animal: "Will the unicorn be willing to serve thee, or abide by thy crib H18?" implying that the crib is a place of dependence and domestication.
Several related words provide context to the concept of the crib and the animals associated with it:
- H504 ʼeleph (family, kine, oxen): This term can refer to a type of livestock, specifically oxen, which are commonly fed at a crib. It appears in Proverbs 14:4, stating "Where no oxen H504 are, the crib H18 is clean," directly linking the animal to its feeding place.
- H7794 shôwr (bullock, cow, ox): This word specifically identifies an ox or bullock, animals frequently found at a crib. It is found in Isaiah 1:3, where "The ox H7794 knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib H18," illustrating the natural association between the animal and its feeding trough.
The usage of H18 carries significant implications, particularly in its limited but poignant appearances:
- Symbol of Recognition and Dependence: As seen in Isaiah 1:3, the "crib H18" serves as a direct symbol of sustenance and provision. The animal's recognition of its master through its reliance on the crib is presented as a stark contrast to Israel's lack of knowing or considering its divine owner.
- Practicality and Productivity: Proverbs 14:4 highlights the practical purpose of the crib H18 in animal husbandry, where the "strength of the ox H7794" leads to "much increase," linking the feeding place to agricultural productivity and prosperity.
- Contrast of Domestication and Wildness: Job 39:9 employs the "crib H18" to underscore the difference between wild, untamed animals (like the unicorn) that do not serve or abide by a crib, and domesticated animals that are reliant on human provision and control.
In summary, H18 ʼêbûwç, denoting a manger or crib, is a straightforward term for an animal's feeding trough. However, its rare occurrences in scripture lend it a specific weight, particularly in conveying lessons about the recognition of a master, the value of labor and provision, and the contrast between wild independence and domesticated reliance.
TRV