### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **baptismós**, represented by `{{G909}}`, is defined as an ablution, whether ceremonial or Christian, and is translated as "baptism" or "washing." Derived from the verb `{{G907}}` `baptízō`, it appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses** in the Bible, referring to both Jewish ritual purifications and foundational Christian teachings.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G909}}` is used to describe different types of washings. In the Gospel of Mark, it refers to the ceremonial purification rituals practiced as part of the "tradition of men" [[Mark 7:8]]. These practices included the "washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables" [[Mark 7:4]]. The book of Hebrews also uses the term in this ceremonial sense, listing "divers washings" `{{G909}}` among the carnal ordinances of the Old Covenant, which were imposed only until the "time of reformation" [[Hebrews 9:10]]. However, Hebrews also includes the "doctrine of baptisms" as a fundamental principle of faith, alongside teachings on the resurrection of the dead and eternal judgment [[Hebrews 6:2]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the contexts in which `{{G909}}` is used:
* `{{G907}}` **baptízō** (baptize, wash): This is the verb from which `baptismós` is derived. It refers to the action of immersing or washing for ceremonial purposes, such as when people wash after coming from the market [[Mark 7:4]].
* `{{G1322}}` **didachḗ** (doctrine, hath been taught): This word for instruction is directly linked to `{{G909}}` in the phrase "doctrine of baptisms," establishing these washings as a core subject of teaching [[Hebrews 6:2]].
* `{{G3862}}` **parádosis** (tradition): This term is used to describe the human customs that included the "washing of pots and cups," which were held in place of God's commandments [[Mark 7:8]].
* `{{G1357}}` **diórthōsis** (reformation): This word, meaning rectification or Messianic restoration, marks the time when the "divers washings" and other carnal ordinances of the old system would end [[Hebrews 9:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G909}}` is multifaceted and depends on its context.
* **Human Tradition vs. Divine Law:** The use of `baptismós` in Mark highlights the conflict between human traditions and God's law. The ceremonial "washing" of pots and cups is presented as an example of holding to the "tradition of men" while setting aside God's commandments [[Mark 7:8]].
* **Temporary Old Covenant Rituals:** The "divers washings" mentioned in Hebrews are explicitly categorized as carnal ordinances connected with "meats" `{{G1033}}` and "drinks" `{{G4188}}`. These rituals were part of a temporary system that was fulfilled and concluded at the "time of reformation" [[Hebrews 9:10]].
* **Foundational Christian Doctrine:** In contrast to temporary rituals, the "doctrine of baptisms" is listed as a foundational Christian teaching. It is placed on par with essential beliefs like the "resurrection" `{{G386}}` of the "dead" `{{G3498}}` and eternal "judgment" `{{G2917}}`, indicating its importance in early Christian instruction [[Hebrews 6:2]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G909}}` `baptismós` is a specific term for ablution or washing that carries significant contextual weight. It can refer negatively to the empty, human-derived traditions that displace divine commands, or it can describe the temporary ceremonial ordinances of the Old Covenant. Most significantly, it is also used to denote a foundational "doctrine" of the Christian faith, essential for believers to understand alongside resurrection and judgment.
TRV