The Greek word philophrónōs, represented by G5390, is an adverb defined as acting "with friendliness of mind" or "kindly." Its use in scripture is highly specific, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse. This rarity highlights a particular moment of benevolence, translating the abstract concept of a friendly mindset into a concrete, recorded action: to behave courteously.
The single biblical appearance of G5390 is in Acts 28:7. In this passage, Publius, described as "the chief man of the island," shows kindness to Paul and his companions after their shipwreck. The verse states that Publius "received us, and lodged us three days courteously." The use of G5390 here qualifies the nature of his hospitality, emphasizing that it was done with genuine warmth and friendliness.
Several related words found in the context of Acts 28:7 help clarify the meaning of acting courteously:
- G324 anadéchomai: This word appears in the phrase where Publius "received" them Acts 28:7. It is also used in Hebrews 11:17, where Abraham is described as he that had "received" the promises.
- G3579 xenízō: Defined as to be a host or, by implication, to be or appear strange. In the primary verse, it is used when Publius "lodged" his guests Acts 28:7. The word can also mean to "entertain" Hebrews 13:2 or to "think it strange" 1 Peter 4:12.
While not a major theological term, the significance of G5390 lies in the human virtue it describes.
- Action of Kindness: The word's only use is to describe a tangible action. Publius demonstrated his friendly mind not with words, but by receiving and lodging his guests for three days Acts 28:7.
- Exemplary Hospitality: By applying the term philophrónōs to the "chief man of the island," the text presents his behavior as a noteworthy example of courteous hospitality toward strangers.
- Benevolence Recorded: The specific inclusion of this adverb marks the act of kindness as significant. It underscores that acting "courteously" is a commendable quality, worthy of being recorded in the biblical narrative.
In summary, G5390 is a precise and rare adverb that means to act courteously or with a friendly mind. Its sole appearance in Acts 28:7 provides a powerful, real-world example of this virtue. Paired with words for receiving and lodging, it illustrates how inner friendliness is expressed through practical hospitality, offering a clear picture of benevolence in action.
TRV