### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **phthonéō**, represented by `{{G5354}}`, means **to be jealous of** or to **envy**. Derived from the noun φθόνος, this verb is exceptionally specific in its biblical usage, appearing only **1 time** in a single verse. Its singular appearance underscores the focused nature of the warning against this particular sin.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{G5354}}` is found in [[Galatians 5:26]], where it is part of a final exhortation. The verse reads, "Let us not be desirous of vain glory, provoking one another, **envying** one another" [[Galatians 5:26]]. In this context, **envying** is presented as a destructive behavior that, alongside provocation and pride, stands in opposition to a life led by the Spirit. It is a direct command to the community to avoid internal strife and jealousy among its members.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words found in the same verse clarify the context of `{{G5354}}`:
* `{{G2755}}` **kenódoxos** (desirous of vain-glory): Defined as "vainly glorifying, i.e. self-conceited," this term points to the root cause of envy. The desire for empty praise or being self-conceited directly fosters an environment where envy can arise [[Galatians 5:26]].
* `{{G4292}}` **prokaléomai** (provoke): Meaning "to call forth to oneself (challenge), i.e. (by implication) to irritate," this word describes the action that often accompanies envy. It is listed in parallel with `{{G5354}}`, showing how envy and provocation are linked actions that damage relationships within the community [[Galatians 5:26]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5354}}` is concentrated in its single, powerful usage.
* **Community Disruption:** Its placement in [[Galatians 5:26]] highlights envy as a primary threat to Christian unity. It is an action directed at "one another," explicitly framed as a behavior that tears a community apart.
* **A Consequence of Pride:** The direct link to being "desirous of vain glory" `{{G2755}}` establishes a theological connection between pride and envy. The passage presents self-conceit as the breeding ground for envying others.
* **An Action to Avoid:** The command is a clear and simple prohibition. To **envy** is an activity that believers are instructed to cease, positioning it as fundamentally incompatible with a walk in the Spirit.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5354}}` provides a concise but potent definition of **envy** as a destructive action. Though used only once, its appearance in [[Galatians 5:26]] is highly significant. It is framed as a corrosive force within a community, born from pride `{{G2755}}` and expressed alongside provocation `{{G4292}}`. The word serves as a stark reminder of the New Testament's emphasis on humility and mutual edification over jealousy and strife.
TRV