### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **hýssōpos**, represented by `{{G5301}}`, is defined as **hyssop**. It is of foreign origin and appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible. Though rare, its appearances are significant, connecting Old Testament ceremonial law with the fulfillment of that law in the sacrifice of Christ.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G5301}}` is used in two distinct and pivotal contexts. First, it is mentioned as an instrument of ceremonial purification. In [[Hebrews 9:19]], Moses uses **hyssop** along with `scarlet {{G2847}}` `wool {{G2053}}` to `sprinkle {{G4472}}` both the `book {{G975}}` of the law and the people with the `blood {{G129}}` of `calves {{G3448}}` and `goats {{G5131}}`. The second instance occurs at the crucifixion of Jesus, where a `spunge {{G4699}}` filled with `vinegar {{G3690}}` is put upon **hyssop** and offered to His mouth [[John 19:29]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words illuminate the role and significance of hyssop:
* `{{G129}}` **haîma** (blood): This is the substance applied with hyssop in the purification ritual described in [[Hebrews 9:19]]. The concept of **blood** is central to atonement and redemption, as seen in the statement that we have redemption through his **blood** [[Ephesians 1:7]].
* `{{G4472}}` **rhantízō** (to render besprinkled, i.e. asperse (ceremonially or figuratively):-- sprinkle): This is the specific action performed using hyssop. It signifies a ceremonial cleansing, connecting to the idea of having our hearts **sprinkled** from an evil conscience [[Hebrews 10:22]].
* `{{G3690}}` **óxos** (vinegar, i.e. sour wine:--vinegar): This is the substance offered to Jesus on the hyssop branch. After Jesus received the **vinegar**, He said, "It is finished" [[John 19:30]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5301}}` is tied to its function in purification and sacrifice.
* **Instrument of Covenant Purification:** In [[Hebrews 9:19]], **hyssop** is essential to the application of sacrificial **blood** `{{G129}}` that ratifies the covenant with the people. This act of sprinkling `{{G4472}}` highlights a system where the `blood {{G129}}` of `goats {{G5131}}` and `calves {{G3448}}` was necessary for ceremonial cleansing [[Hebrews 9:12]].
* **Link to Christ's Atoning Work:** The appearance of **hyssop** at the cross directly connects the Old Testament symbol with its ultimate fulfillment [[John 19:29]]. The same plant used for sprinkling the cleansing blood of animals is now present as Christ, who through the eternal Spirit **offered** `{{G4374}}` himself to God, provides a true cleansing of the conscience [[Hebrews 9:14]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5301}}` serves as a powerful symbol bridging the old covenant and the new. From its use as a tool for ceremonial purification with blood under the law [[Hebrews 9:19]] to its presence at the final, perfect sacrifice of Jesus Christ [[John 19:29]], **hyssop** illustrates the transition from ritual type to redemptive reality.
TRV