### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **sýmphōnos**, represented by `{{G4859}}`, means **consent**. Derived from words meaning "sounding together," it figuratively describes an accordant agreement. It is a rare term, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single use of `{{G4859}}` occurs in a teaching on marriage. It establishes the principle of mutual agreement between spouses, stating that they should not defraud one another except it be with **consent** for a limited time. This temporary agreement is for the specific purpose of devoting themselves to fasting and prayer, after which they are to come together again to avoid temptation from Satan [[1 Corinthians 7:5]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words in the passage clarify the context of this agreement:
* `{{G650}}` **aposteréō** (to despoil): This word for **defraud** describes the action that is forbidden without mutual consent. It is also used to describe the unjust action of keeping back wages by fraud [[James 5:4]].
* `{{G240}}` **allḗlōn** (one another): This term highlights the reciprocal nature of the marital relationship and the need for mutual action, such as loving **one another** [[John 13:34]] or forgiving **one another** [[Ephesians 4:32]].
* `{{G192}}` **akrasía** (want of self-restraint): This term, translated as **incontinency**, provides the reason for the warning against prolonged separation, as a lack of self-restraint can lead to temptation [[1 Corinthians 7:5]]. It is also used to describe **excess** in a more general sense [[Matthew 23:25]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4859}}` is concentrated in its single application, establishing key principles for marital conduct.
* **Mutual Consent:** The word underscores that decisions regarding intimacy within marriage are to be mutual and harmonious ("sounding together"), not unilateral. This reflects a broader biblical theme of mutual care for **one another** [[1 Corinthians 7:5]].
* **Spiritually Focused Purpose:** The agreement for temporary abstinence is not for selfish reasons but to "give yourselves to fasting and prayer," sanctifying the time apart for a spiritual purpose [[1 Corinthians 7:5]].
* **Guard Against Temptation:** The instruction to come together again is a practical guard against temptation from **Satan** due to "incontinency" [[1 Corinthians 7:5]], showing that such agreements must be made with wisdom and an awareness of human weakness.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{G4859}}` appears only once, its meaning of **consent** is pivotal. In its sole context, it provides a foundational principle for marital relationships, grounding decisions in mutuality and shared spiritual goals. It demonstrates how a single, carefully chosen word can establish a framework for relational integrity and protection against spiritual attack.
TRV