The Greek word synkrínō, represented by G4793, is defined as judging one thing in connection with another, to combine or to collate by way of contrast or resemblance. It appears 5 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible, carrying a specific meaning related to the act of comparison.
In its biblical usage, G4793 highlights a contrast between wise and unwise comparisons. In 2 Corinthians 10:12, it is used negatively to describe those who unwisely compare themselves among themselves. This act of measuring themselves by their own standards is condemned as being "not wise." Conversely, in 1 Corinthians 2:13, the word is used in a positive sense to describe the process of comparing spiritual things with spiritual, which is an activity taught by the Holy Ghost, not by man's wisdom.
Several related words help clarify the context in which G4793 is used:
- G1469 enkrínō (to judge in, i.e. count among): This word is used immediately before synkrínō in 2 Corinthians 10:12, where Paul states he does not dare to "make ourselves of the number" with those who engage in foolish comparisons.
- G3354 metréō (to measure): In 2 Corinthians 10:12, this action is linked to improper comparison, as those who are unwise are described as "measuring themselves by themselves."
- G1318 didaktós (instructed, or communicated by teaching): This term provides the foundation for proper comparison in 1 Corinthians 2:13, distinguishing between words taught by man's wisdom and truths taught by the Holy Ghost.
- G4921 synistáō (to set together, i.e. to introduce (favorably), or to exhibit): This word is used to describe the self-aggrandizing behavior of those who commend themselves, which forms the basis for the unwise comparisons in 2 Corinthians 10:12.
The theological weight of G4793 centers on the standard by which judgment and comparison are made.
- The Folly of Human Standards: The use of the word in 2 Corinthians 10:12 serves as a strong caution against self-referential judgment. Comparing oneself to other people is presented as an act that lacks true wisdom.
- The Wisdom of Spiritual Discernment: In contrast, 1 Corinthians 2:13 uses the word to describe a holy and wise activity: combining spiritual truths with spiritual expressions. This implies that understanding divine things requires a divine standard and method.
- The Basis of Comparison: Ultimately, the word forces a distinction between two types of collation. One is based on self-commendation and leads to folly, while the other is based on what the Holy Ghost teaches and leads to true understanding.
In summary, G4793 synkrínō is a focused term that, in its few scriptural appearances, delivers a powerful message about the nature of comparison. It warns against the foolishness of using human benchmarks for self-evaluation while endorsing the spiritual wisdom of combining and interpreting spiritual truths through the lens of the Holy Spirit. The word illustrates that the value of a comparison depends entirely on the standard being used.
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