### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek noun σανίς (sanís), transliterated as *sanís*, primarily denotes a "plank" or "board." Its base definition indicates a flat, elongated piece of timber, typically prepared for construction or other practical uses. The Strong's definition notes its "uncertain affinity," suggesting that its etymological roots are not clearly connected to other known word families, implying it is a straightforward, descriptive term for the object itself. There is no evidence from its usage or etymology to suggest a broader semantic range beyond this literal meaning, nor does it carry inherent metaphorical or abstract connotations. It functions as a concrete noun referring to a specific material object.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term σανίς (sanís) appears only once in the New Testament, in the book of Acts:
* **[[Acts 27:44]]**: "and the rest, some on boards (σανίς), and some on broken pieces of the ship. And so it came to pass, that they all escaped safe to land."
This sole occurrence is found within the dramatic narrative of Paul's shipwreck on his journey to Rome. After the ship breaks apart, the crew and passengers, in a desperate attempt to survive, cling to whatever fragments of the vessel they can find. The "boards" (σανίς) mentioned here are literal pieces of the ship's wreckage, serving as makeshift flotation devices. The context is entirely practical and descriptive, highlighting the dire circumstances and the providential means by which all 276 souls aboard were ultimately saved, fulfilling God's promise to Paul (cf. [[Acts 27:22-24]]). The word itself simply names the physical objects used for survival, emphasizing the fragility of human constructs against the forces of nature and the extraordinary nature of the rescue.
### Related Words & Concepts
Given its singular occurrence and concrete meaning, σανίς (sanís) does not have a wide array of closely related theological terms. However, it can be conceptually linked to:
* **`{{G2636}}` κλάσμα (klasma)**: This word, meaning "broken pieces" or "fragments," appears in the same verse (Acts 27:44) alongside σανίς, describing other parts of the shattered ship used for flotation. Both terms collectively portray the desperate improvisation required for survival.
* **`{{G3586}}` ξύλον (xylon)**: A more general term for "wood," "timber," or "tree." While σανίς refers to a processed piece of wood, ξύλον describes the raw material or a larger wooden object. σανίς is a specific form of ξύλον.
* **Survival and Rescue**: The context of σανίς immediately evokes themes of survival, rescue, and deliverance. It is a tangible detail within a narrative of divine preservation in the face of overwhelming peril.
* **Providence**: The use of humble "boards" as instruments of salvation points to God's providential care, often working through ordinary or even broken means to achieve His purposes.
### Theological Significance
While σανίς (sanís) itself is a simple descriptive noun with no inherent theological weight, its singular biblical occurrence in [[Acts 27:44]] imbues it with profound theological significance within its narrative context. The "boards" are not merely pieces of wood; they represent the tangible, albeit meager, means through which God's promise of safety for Paul and all aboard was fulfilled.
* **Divine Preservation**: The presence of these "boards" underscores the theme of divine preservation. In a situation of utter helplessness and imminent death, God intervened, allowing the survivors to utilize even the wreckage of their destroyed vessel. This highlights God's ability to provide salvation even from the brink of disaster, demonstrating His faithfulness to His word (cf. [[Acts 27:22-25]]).
* **God's Sovereignty Over Circumstance**: The shipwreck was a catastrophic event, yet God's sovereign plan ensured that no life was lost. The "boards" become a symbol of God's control over natural forces and His capacity to work through seemingly insignificant or broken things to achieve His will.
* **Human Helplessness and Divine Provision**: The scene emphasizes human vulnerability and the limits of human ingenuity in extreme circumstances. The reliance on "boards" and "broken pieces" signifies a complete dependence on external aid, which in this narrative, is ultimately God's provision.
### Summary
The Greek word σανίς (sanís) literally means "plank" or "board." Its sole occurrence in the New Testament is found in [[Acts 27:44]], where it describes the pieces of the shattered ship that survivors clung to during Paul's shipwreck. While a simple, concrete noun, its usage is deeply significant within the narrative of divine preservation. The "boards" represent the providential means by which God ensured the safety of Paul and all those with him, demonstrating His faithfulness, sovereignty, and ability to provide rescue even in the most desperate circumstances. It stands as a testament to God's care, working through ordinary objects to accomplish extraordinary salvation.
TRV