πτέρυξ

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Greek word ptéryx, represented by G4420, means wing. Derived from a word related to G4072 pétomai (to fly), it appears 5 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible, where it is used to convey concepts of both protection and supernatural power.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In the biblical narrative, G4420 is used in two distinct contexts. In the Gospels, it appears in a powerful simile where Jesus expresses his desire to have gathered Jerusalem's children G5043 as a hen G3733 gathers her young under her wings (Matthew 23:37, Luke 13:34). In Revelation, the word describes the features of apocalyptic beings, including the six wings of the four beasts before God's throne Revelation 4:8, the two wings of a great eagle G105 given to a woman for her escape Revelation 12:14, and the wings of symbolic locusts whose sound was like that of chariots G716 Revelation 9:9.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words expand upon the imagery associated with ptéryx:

• G3733 órnis (a hen): This word is used directly with ptéryx to create the well-known image of tender, maternal protection offered by Christ Matthew 23:37.
• G105 aetós (an eagle): The wings mentioned in Revelation 12:14 are specified as belonging to a great eagle, a creature also noted for its flight and presence in apocalyptic visions Revelation 4:7.
• G1996 episynágō (to gather together): This verb defines the very action that wings are used for in the Gospels—to gather God's children for protection (Matthew 23:37, Luke 13:34).
• G4072 pétomai (to fly): As the root concept behind ptéryx, this word describes the function of wings, such as when the woman is enabled to fly into the wilderness Revelation 12:14.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of G4420 is seen in its contrasting uses, representing both divine care and otherworldly might.

• Divine Refuge and Lament: The image of a hen's wings provides a profound metaphor for Christ's offer of safety and nurture. The context of these verses is a lament, highlighting humanity's rejection of this divine protection Luke 13:34.
• Supernatural Power and Mobility: In Revelation, wings are an attribute of powerful spiritual beings. They signify the holiness and perpetual worship of the beasts around the throne Revelation 4:8, the swift deliverance provided by God Revelation 12:14, and the terrifying sound of an advancing horde Revelation 9:9.

Summary

In summary, G4420 is more than a simple anatomical term. It is employed in Scripture to illustrate two powerful aspects of the spiritual realm. It serves as a symbol of God's gentle, protective longing for His people and as a mark of the awesome power, majesty, and swiftness of the supernatural beings depicted in prophecy.