### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **ptaíō**, represented by `{{G4417}}`, is a form of πίπτω and means to trip, or figuratively, to err, sin, or stumble, even to the point of failing of salvation. It appears 6 times across 4 unique verses, highlighting its specific but significant role in describing moral and spiritual failings.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G4417}}` addresses different aspects of spiritual failure. In James, it is used to describe the universal human tendency to err, stating "in **many** things we **offend** **all**" [[James 3:2]]. It also carries a legal weight, where to **offend** in a single point of the law renders one **guilty** of breaking all of it [[James 2:10]]. In Romans, the word is used to pose a rhetorical question: "Have they **stumbled** that they should **fall**?", distinguishing a temporary stumble from a permanent state of ruin [[Romans 11:11]]. In contrast, 2 Peter uses the term to offer assurance, promising believers that if they are diligent, they will "never **fall**" [[2 Peter 1:10]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the meaning and consequences of `{{G4417}}`:
* `{{G4098}}` **píptō** (to fall): As the root word, it often signifies a more complete or final fall. It is used in [[Romans 11:11]] to contrast with the act of stumbling.
* `{{G1777}}` **énochos** (liable to... guilty of): This term describes the direct result of offending. In [[James 2:10]], one who offends in a single point is **guilty** of all.
* `{{G3900}}` **paráptōma** (a side-slip... fall, fault, offence, sin, trespass): This noun is used in [[Romans 11:11]] to refer to the "fall" or transgression of Israel through which salvation came to the Gentiles.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4417}}` is significant in understanding sin and assurance.
* **The Inevitability of Error:** The word establishes the universal condition of human fallibility, as "in many things we **offend** all" [[James 3:2]]. This is especially true regarding speech, where control signifies spiritual maturity.
* **The Holistic Nature of Law:** The concept that to **offend** in one point makes a person **guilty** of the whole law underscores that any sin is an offense against the single will of the Lawgiver [[James 2:10]].
* **Distinction in Failure:** `{{G4417}}` allows for a crucial distinction between a moral "stumble" and an irreversible "fall" from salvation, giving nuance to the discussion of sin and its consequences [[Romans 11:11]].
* **Assurance of Stability:** The promise that believers can "never **fall**" provides a powerful message of security, contingent on diligence in faith and calling [[2 Peter 1:10]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4417}}` **ptaíō** provides a precise term for the act of stumbling, offending, or erring. It functions to explain both the commonality of human sin [[James 3:2]] and the serious nature of any single transgression against God's law [[James 2:10]]. Critically, it distinguishes a stumble from a permanent fall [[Romans 11:11]], while also framing the path to spiritual stability and assurance as one of active diligence [[2 Peter 1:10]]. It is a key term for understanding the dynamics of sin, guilt, and perseverance in the Christian life.
TRV