### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **prosphōnéō**, represented by `{{G4377}}`, is defined as "to sound towards, i.e. address, exclaim, summon:--call unto, speak (un-)to." It is formed from the words πρός and φωνέω. This specific term appears **8 times** across **7 unique verses** in the Bible, signifying a deliberate act of communication directed at an individual or a group.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G4377}}` is used to denote a call that initiates a significant action or response. Jesus **called** his disciples to him before he chose and named the twelve apostles [[Luke 6:13]]. He also **called** a woman to him before healing her of her infirmity [[Luke 13:12]]. The word describes Paul as he **spake** to a crowd to gain their silence and attention ([[Acts 21:40]], [[Acts 22:2]]). It is also used in a parable to describe children **calling** to their fellows in the marketplace ([[Matthew 11:16]], [[Luke 7:32]]) and by Pilate, who **spake** again to the crowd in his desire to release Jesus [[Luke 23:20]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Greek words help clarify the action of speaking and calling:
* `{{G3004}}` **légō** (to "lay" forth, i.e. relate): This word often follows `{{G4377}}`, indicating the content of the address. After Paul **spake** to the people, the text notes him "saying" [[Acts 21:40]].
* `{{G2036}}` **épō** (to speak or say): Similar to `{{G3004}}`, this describes the words spoken after a summons. Jesus **called** the woman to him and then **said** unto her that she was loosed from her infirmity [[Luke 13:12]].
* `{{G191}}` **akoúō** (to hear): This is the direct response to being spoken to. The crowd kept silent when they **heard** that Paul **spake** to them in the Hebrew tongue [[Acts 22:2]].
* `{{G3687}}` **onomázō** (to name, i.e. assign an appellation): This action can follow a call. Jesus first **called** his disciples and then **named** a select group of them apostles [[Luke 6:13]].
### Theological Significance
The use of `{{G4377}}` carries specific functional weight in the text. It often serves to mark a pivotal moment.
* **A Call to Divine Purpose:** The word is used when Jesus summons individuals for a specific, transformative purpose. This is seen when he **called** his disciples to establish the apostleship [[Luke 6:13]] and when he **called** the woman to perform a healing [[Luke 13:12]].
* **An Act of Public Address:** `{{G4377}}` is employed when a figure of authority addresses a crowd. Paul **spake** to the people to begin his defense [[Acts 21:40]], and Pilate **spake** to the multitudes regarding Jesus [[Luke 23:20]].
* **Illustrative Communication:** The term is used in a parable to illustrate a point. The children **calling** to each other in the marketplace is used to describe the unresponsiveness of the generation ([[Matthew 11:16]], [[Luke 7:32]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4377}}` is not merely a word for speaking but rather for a targeted address or summons. It signifies an intentional act of "sounding towards" someone to get their attention, deliver a message, or initiate an event. From the authoritative call of Christ that leads to apostleship and healing, to the public orations of Paul and Pilate, the word consistently highlights a direct and purposeful communication. Even in its parabolic use, it emphasizes a call expecting a response.
TRV