from πρᾷος; gentleness, by implication, humility:--meekness.
Transliteration:praiótēs
Pronunciation:prah-ot'-ace
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek term πρᾳότης (praiótēs, `{{G4236}}`) derives from the adjective πρᾷος (praos), conveying a rich and nuanced meaning that extends beyond a superficial understanding of "meekness." At its core, πρᾳότης signifies "gentleness," but not as weakness or timidity. Rather, it denotes a disposition of controlled strength, a power held in reserve and exercised with humility and tenderness. It can be likened to a wild horse that has been tamed: its inherent strength remains, but it is now under the master's control, serving a specific purpose without resistance. This implies an inner tranquility and a measured response, especially in the face of provocation or difficulty. The semantic range thus includes gentleness, mildness, courtesy, and by implication, a profound humility that recognizes one's place before God and others. It is the opposite of harshness, arrogance, or self-assertiveness.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term πρᾳότης appears several times in the New Testament, predominantly in the Pauline epistles, where it is consistently presented as a virtue essential for Christian conduct.
* In [[Galatians 5:23]], πρᾳότης is listed as one of the "fruit of the Spirit," indicating that it is a divinely cultivated character trait, not merely a human effort. Its placement alongside "self-control" (`{{G1466}}`, enkráteia) reinforces the idea of strength under discipline.
* Paul exhorts believers to walk "with all humility and gentleness" (μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης καὶ πρᾳότητος) in [[Ephesians 4:2]], emphasizing its role in maintaining the unity of the Spirit. Here, it is paired with humility (`{{G5012}}`, tapeinophrosýnē) and patience (`{{G3115}}`, makrothymía), highlighting its relational aspect in the community.
* Similarly, in [[Colossians 3:12]], believers are encouraged to "put on...compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience," underscoring πρᾳότης as a garment of the new self, reflecting Christ's character.
* The pursuit of πρᾳότης is a mark of the man of God in [[1 Timothy 6:11]], alongside righteousness, godliness, faith, love, and steadfastness. This suggests it is an active pursuit, a discipline for spiritual maturity.
* In [[2 Timothy 2:25]], Paul instructs Timothy to correct opponents "with gentleness" (ἐν πρᾳότητι), demonstrating that πρᾳότης is crucial even in confrontational situations, allowing for clarity and persuasion without harshness or personal attack.
* Titus is commanded to remind believers "to speak evil of no one, to be peaceable, gentle, showing perfect courtesy toward all people" in [[Titus 3:2]]. This reinforces πρᾳότης as a universal disposition towards all humanity, reflecting God's grace.
* James connects πρᾳότης to true wisdom in [[James 3:13]]: "Who is wise and understanding among you? By his good conduct let him show his works in the meekness of wisdom." This implies that genuine wisdom is not arrogant or self-aggrandizing but is expressed through a gentle, humble demeanor.
### Related Words & Concepts
πρᾳότης (praiótēs, `{{G4236}}`) is closely related to several other significant New Testament concepts:
* **πραΰτης (praÿtēs, `{{G4235}}`):** This is another Greek word often translated as "meekness" or "gentleness," and it is virtually synonymous with πρᾳότης in the New Testament. While some scholars attempt to draw fine distinctions (e.g., πρᾳότης as an inner disposition, πραΰτης as its outward expression), for practical purposes in Koiné Greek, they are often used interchangeably. The adjective πραΰς (praÿs, `{{G4239}}`) is used of Jesus in [[Matthew 11:29]] ("I am gentle and lowly in heart").
* **ταπεινοφροσύνη (tapeinophrosýnē, `{{G5012}}`):** Humility or lowliness of mind. πρᾳότης is often a direct manifestation of true humility. One who is genuinely humble will naturally exhibit gentleness in their interactions.
* **μακροθυμία (makrothymía, `{{G3115}}`):** Longsuffering or patience. Frequently paired with πρᾳότης (e.g., [[Ephesians 4:2]], [[Colossians 3:12]]), indicating that gentleness often requires enduring provocation with patience.
* **ἀγάπη (agápē, `{{G26}}`):** Divine love. πρᾳότης is an attribute of love (cf. [[1 Corinthians 13:4-7]]) and a natural outflow of a heart filled with agape, especially in its approach to others.
* **ἐγκράτεια (enkráteia, `{{G1466}}`):** Self-control. The "strength under control" aspect of πρᾳότης directly relates to self-control, as it involves mastering one's impulses and power.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of πρᾳότης is profound and multifaceted:
* **Divine Character and Christ's Example:** While πρᾳότης itself is not directly attributed to God in the same way as holiness or love, it profoundly reflects His character in His dealings with humanity—exercising immense power with ultimate patience and grace. Jesus Christ is the supreme embodiment of πρᾳότης, declaring Himself "gentle and lowly in heart" ([[Matthew 11:29]], using πραΰς, `{{G4239}}`). His life and ministry demonstrate power perfectly submitted to the Father's will, always expressed with compassion and restraint, even in the face of injustice and suffering.
* **Fruit of the Spirit:** As a fruit of the Spirit ([[Galatians 5:23]]), πρᾳότης highlights that this virtue is not merely a human effort or personality trait, but a supernatural work of God's Spirit in the believer's life. It is evidence of spiritual maturity and a surrendered will.
* **Essential for Christian Conduct and Witness:** πρᾳότης is vital for healthy Christian community and effective evangelism. It enables believers to interact with others—both inside and outside the church—with grace, humility, and respect, even when correcting or disagreeing ([[2 Timothy 2:25]], [[Titus 3:2]]). It prevents harshness, promotes unity, and makes the gospel attractive rather than off-putting.
* **Pathway to Wisdom and Blessing:** πρᾳότης is explicitly linked to true, heavenly wisdom ([[James 3:13]]), distinguishing it from worldly wisdom that often leads to envy and selfish ambition. Furthermore, the Beatitude "Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth" ([[Matthew 5:5]], using πραΰς, `{{G4239}}`) underscores the eschatological blessing associated with this disposition, pointing to a future inheritance for those who humbly submit to God's will.
### Summary
πρᾳότης (praiótēs, `{{G4236}}`) is a critical New Testament virtue, best understood as "gentleness" or "meekness" that stems from inner strength under divine control, rather than weakness. It is a disposition of humility, mildness, and measured response, particularly in challenging circumstances. As a fruit of the Spirit, it is supernaturally cultivated in believers' lives and is foundational for Christ-like conduct. Modeled perfectly by Jesus Himself, πρᾳότης is essential for fostering unity within the church, for effective and gracious engagement with the world, and for demonstrating true, heavenly wisdom. It reflects a profound submission to God's will and a humble regard for others, promising both present blessing and future inheritance.
TRV