### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **polýtimos**, represented by `{{G4186}}`, is derived from πολύς and τιμή and means **extremely valuable**. It is translated as "very costly" or "of great price." This specific adjective appears only **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible, used to describe objects of supreme, tangible worth.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The two occurrences of `{{G4186}}` highlight its meaning in distinct contexts. In the Gospel of Matthew, it is used in a parable about the kingdom of heaven, describing a "pearl **of great price**" which a merchant finds and, in response, sells all that he has to buy it [[Matthew 13:46]]. In the Gospel of John, the term describes the "ointment of spikenard" that Mary used to anoint the feet of Jesus, noting that it was "**very costly**" [[John 12:3]]. In this instance, the house was filled with the fragrance of the ointment.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the items described as `{{G4186}}`:
* `{{G3135}}` **margarítēs** (a pearl): This is the object described as being "of great price" in Matthew's parable [[Matthew 13:46]]. Pearls are used elsewhere to symbolize something of great value that should not be squandered [[Matthew 7:6]] and as materials for the gates of the New Jerusalem [[Revelation 21:21]].
* `{{G3464}}` **mýron** (ointment): This is the substance identified as "very costly" in John's account of Mary anointing Jesus [[John 12:3]]. This perfumed oil is also mentioned in other narratives of women anointing Jesus ([[Mark 14:3]], [[Luke 7:37-38]]).
* `{{G3487}}` **nárdos** ("nard"): This term specifies the type of ointment used by Mary as spikenard [[John 12:3]], a particularly valuable and fragrant perfume. It is also mentioned in a parallel account in [[Mark 14:3]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4186}}` is tied to its application in illustrating spiritual truths.
* **The Supreme Value of the Kingdom:** In the parable of the merchant, the "pearl of great price" symbolizes the kingdom of heaven, demonstrating that the kingdom is worth sacrificing everything to obtain [[Matthew 13:46]].
* **Sacrificial Worship:** Mary’s use of "**very costly**" ointment to anoint Jesus' feet is an act of extravagant devotion and worship [[John 12:3]]. The high value of the ointment underscores the depth of her reverence and love for Jesus.
* **An Act of Honor:** The use of such a `{{G4186}}` item is an act of profound honor. By anointing Jesus' feet with the ointment, Mary bestows upon him an honor reserved for the most esteemed individuals.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4186}}` is a powerful but rarely used adjective that signifies extreme value. Through its two appearances, it defines both a tangible object—the "**very costly**" ointment—and a symbolic one—the "pearl **of great price**." It serves to teach about the incomparable worth of the kingdom of heaven and to model the nature of sacrificial, heartfelt worship directed toward Jesus.
TRV