The Greek word páthos, represented by G3806, describes a form of suffering or passion. It appears 3 times in 3 unique verses in the Bible. Its definition points to a subjective passion, particularly concupiscence, and is translated as (inordinate) affection or lust.
In its scriptural occurrences, G3806 consistently refers to improper or sinful passions. In Romans 1:26, it is used to describe the "vile affections" to which God gave people up as a consequence of their rebellion. Colossians 3:5 includes "inordinate affection" in a list of earthly behaviors that believers must mortify, alongside fornication and uncleanness. Similarly, 1 Thessalonians 4:5 warns against living in the "lust of concupiscence," which characterizes those who do not know God.
Several related words help clarify the context of G3806:
- G1939 epithymía (a longing (especially for what is forbidden)): This word is paired directly with G3806 in 1 Thessalonians 4:5 to form the phrase "lust of concupiscence" and appears in the same list of sins in Colossians 3:5.
- G819 atimía (infamy, i.e. (subjectively) comparative indignity, (objectively) disgrace): This term is used to modify G3806 in Romans 1:26, describing the passions as "vile affections," or affections of disgrace.
- G3499 nekróō (to deaden, i.e. (figuratively) to subdue): This is the command given to believers in Colossians 3:5, instructing them to mortify the parts of their old nature, which include inordinate affection G3806.
- G167 akatharsía (impurity (the quality), physically or morally): This word for uncleanness is listed directly beside G3806 in Colossians 3:5, placing it within a category of moral impurity.
The theological weight of G3806 is significant in understanding the nature of sin and sanctification.
- Result of Divine Judgment: The passion of G3806 is presented as a consequence of humanity's choice to reject God. Romans 1:26 states that "God gave them up unto vile affections" after they "changed the truth of God into a lie" Romans 1:25.
- Element of the Sinful Nature: It is identified as one of the earthly "members" that must be put to death by a believer Colossians 3:5. This frames it as a characteristic of the flesh that is opposed to the new life in Christ.
- Contrast to a Godly Life: The "lust" described by G3806 is a defining mark of those who do not know God 1 Thessalonians 4:5, standing in stark opposition to a life of holiness and sanctification.
In summary, G3806 is a focused term for passions and affections that are contrary to God's will. Though used sparingly, its context in each case is potent. It describes affections that are not merely misguided but are "vile" Romans 1:26, part of a lifestyle that must be put to death Colossians 3:5, and characteristic of a life lived apart from God 1 Thessalonians 4:5. The word serves to define an internal state of disordered desire that is a target for mortification in the life of a believer.
TRV