### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **homoíōs**, represented by `{{G3668}}`, is an adverb that means **similarly** or **likewise**. It appears **30 times** across **30 unique verses** in the Bible. This term functions as a crucial connector, indicating that a subsequent action, command, or state should be understood in the same manner as what has just been stated. It serves to link parallel ideas, extend instructions to new groups, and draw comparisons between events.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G3668}}` is used to establish clear parallels in both instruction and narrative. It is frequently employed to apply a command to a new group, creating mutual responsibility. For instance, after instructing wives, the command is extended: **likewise**, ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge [[1 Peter 3:7]]. It also establishes a divine parallel, with Jesus explaining that whatever the Father does, "the Son doeth **likewise**" [[John 5:19]]. The word is central to the Golden Rule, commanding believers to treat others as they would want to be treated, stating "do ye also to them **likewise**" [[Luke 6:31]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help to define the context and function of similarity and connection:
* `{{G2531}}` **kathṓs** (just as, that): This word often sets up the comparison that `{{G3668}}` completes. It establishes the standard for the similar action, as seen in the command, "**as** ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise" [[Luke 6:31]].
* `{{G1161}}` **dé** (but, and, etc.): As a primary particle indicating continuation or contrast, it frequently appears alongside `{{G3668}}` to link clauses together grammatically, reinforcing the conceptual link of similarity. It is often translated as "and" or "but" [[Matthew 6:33]].
* `{{G2087}}` **héteros** (other or different): This word provides a contrast to similarity. In the same verse where Rahab is described as being justified **likewise** by her works, it is noted that she sent the messengers out **another** way [[James 2:25]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3668}}` is significant, as it underpins key doctrines of reciprocity, divine nature, and universal moral principles.
* **Divine Unity:** The term is used to articulate the profound unity between the Father and the Son. Jesus' statement that the Son does all things **likewise** as the Father establishes a principle of perfect imitation and shared essence [[John 5:19]].
* **Mutual Obligation:** `{{G3668}}` is instrumental in outlining reciprocal duties within the church and family. Husbands are to render benevolence to their wives, and **likewise** also the wife unto the husband [[1 Corinthians 7:3]]. Similarly, the younger are to submit to the elder [[1 Peter 5:5]], creating a structure of mutual subjection.
* **Universal Commands:** The word extends critical commands to all people. It is used to issue a universal warning that all who do not repent shall **likewise** perish [[Luke 13:5]]. In the parable of the Good Samaritan, the command to "Go, and do thou **likewise**" transforms a story into a timeless moral imperative [[Luke 10:37]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3668}}` is far more than a simple adverb of comparison. It is a structural and theological bridge used to build arguments, apply commands, and reveal divine truths. It connects parallel concepts to show that God’s standards of conduct apply consistently across different groups and contexts. From establishing mutual responsibilities in the household to defining the very nature of the Son's relationship to the Father, **homoíōs** demonstrates how a single connecting word can be essential for understanding biblical instruction and theology.
TRV