### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **nōtos**, represented by `{{G3577}}`, refers to the **back**. It is defined as being of "uncertain affinity; the back:--back." This term is exceptionally rare in scripture, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse**. Its singular use, however, is poignant, conveying a powerful image of subjugation and affliction.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{G3577}}` is in [[Romans 11:10]], where it illustrates a state of divine judgment. The verse states, "Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their **back** alway." In this context, the bowed **back** is not merely a physical posture but a metaphor for a continuous state of being burdened and oppressed as a consequence of spiritual blindness.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words found in the same verse give `{{G3577}}` its full context:
* `{{G3788}}` **ophthalmós**: from ὀπτάνομαι; the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision. This is used in direct parallel, as those with a bowed back are first described as having their **eyes** darkened [[Romans 11:10]].
* `{{G4654}}` **skotízō**: from σκότος; to obscure (literally or figuratively):--darken. This action word is applied to the eyes, describing how spiritual insight is obscured, leading to the condition symbolized by the bowed back [[Romans 11:10]]. The same word is used to describe how a foolish heart was **darkened** [[Romans 1:21]].
* `{{G4781}}` **synkámptō**: from σύν and κάμπτω; to bend together, i.e. (figuratively) to afflict:--bow down. This word is paired directly with **nōtos** in its only biblical appearance, defining the action forced upon the back and linking the posture to affliction [[Romans 11:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3577}}` is concentrated in its single, impactful use. It highlights several key concepts:
* **A Symbol of Judgment:** The permanently bowed **back** serves as a stark metaphor for the consequences of spiritual rejection, representing a state of unending servitude and hardship.
* **Consequence of Blindness:** Its usage in [[Romans 11:10]] directly links this physical subjugation to a preceding spiritual blindness, suggesting that the inability to "see" results in a state of being perpetually burdened.
* **Perpetual Affliction:** The word "alway" combined with the action "bow down" indicates a continuous state of affliction, as defined by the related term `{{G4781}}` **synkámptō**. The bowed **back** is a picture of a life lived under a heavy, inescapable weight.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{G3577}}` **nōtos** is one of the rarer words in the New Testament, its lone context in [[Romans 11:10]] imbues it with significant meaning. It functions as a powerful symbol of the servitude and affliction that result from spiritual blindness. Paired with terms for darkened eyes and affliction, it vividly portrays a state of judgment as a continuous, burdensome condition.
TRV