probably contracted for a compound of νύμφη and δῶρον; nymph-given (i.e. -born); Nymphas, a Christian:--Nymphas.
Transliteration:Nymphâs
Pronunciation:noom-fas'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek proper noun Νυμφᾶς (Nymphâs, `{{G3564}}`) is a personal name, likely derived from a contraction of νύμφη (nymphe, meaning "bride," "young woman," or "nymph") and δῶρον (dōron, meaning "gift"). As such, its etymological meaning is typically understood as "nymph-given" or "born of a nymph." In the context of the New Testament, its semantic range is limited to its function as a specific proper noun, referring to an individual Christian. It does not carry broader theological or conceptual meanings beyond identifying a person.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
Nymphas (Νυμφᾶς, `{{G3564}}`) appears only once in the New Testament, in the apostle Paul's letter to the Colossians:
* [[Colossians 4:15]]: "Greet the brethren who are in Laodicea, and Nymphas and the church that is in his house." (Note: Some ancient manuscripts read "her house" (αὐτῆς), leading to scholarly discussion about whether Nymphas might have been a woman, or if the church was in the house of a woman associated with Nymphas. However, the masculine nominative form Νυμφᾶς strongly suggests a male individual, making "his house" (αὐτοῦ) the more grammatically consistent reading for Nymphas as the singular subject.)
The context of this verse is Paul's closing greetings, which serve to connect the communities and individuals involved in the early Christian movement. Nymphas is identified as a host of a house church in Laodicea, a city near Colossae. This indicates that Nymphas was a significant and committed believer, likely of some means, who provided a vital gathering place for the local Christian community. The specific mention of "the church that is in his house" highlights the common practice of early Christians meeting in private homes before the construction of dedicated church buildings.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **νύμφη (nymphe, `{{G3565}}`):** This word, meaning "bride" or "young woman," forms the first part of the name Nymphas. While not directly related in meaning to Nymphas's role, it underscores the classical Greek origin of the name. In other New Testament contexts, it is used metaphorically for the Church as the "bride of Christ" ([[Revelation 21:2]], [[Revelation 21:9]]).
* **δῶρον (dōron, `{{G1435}}`):** Meaning "gift," this word forms the second part of the name. Like νύμφη, it provides etymological insight into the name's composition but does not directly relate to Nymphas's specific function. However, the concept of a "gift" is central to Christian theology, particularly regarding God's grace ([[Ephesians 2:8]]) and spiritual endowments.
* **House Church:** The concept embodied by "the church that is in his house" is fundamental to understanding early Christian community. Other instances of house churches include those hosted by Priscilla and Aquila ([[Romans 16:5]], [[1 Corinthians 16:19]]), and Philemon ([[Philemon 1:2]]). These gatherings were crucial for fellowship, teaching, worship, and evangelism in the nascent Church.
* **Laodicea:** As the city where Nymphas resided and hosted a church, Laodicea is significant. It is one of the seven churches addressed in [[Revelation 3:14-22]], characterized by its spiritual lukewarmness. Paul's greeting to Nymphas and the Laodicean brethren in [[Colossians 4:15]] provides an earlier glimpse into the Christian presence in this city.
### Theological Significance
Nymphas, though mentioned only once, offers several points of theological significance:
* **The Importance of Hospitality:** Nymphas's role as a host of a house church exemplifies the vital Christian virtue of hospitality (φιλοξενία). Providing a space for believers to gather was not merely a practical necessity but an act of love, service, and commitment to the burgeoning Christian community. Such hospitality fostered fellowship, enabled the sharing of the Gospel, and strengthened the bonds between believers.
* **Lay Leadership and Service:** Nymphas appears to be a lay leader, not an apostle or an ordained minister, yet played a crucial role in the spiritual life of the Laodicean church. This highlights the decentralized and participatory nature of early Christian leadership, where faithful individuals, regardless of formal office, contributed significantly through their practical service and dedication. The New Testament consistently affirms the value of every member's contribution to the body of Christ.
* **The Organic Nature of the Early Church:** The existence of house churches demonstrates the organic and relational growth of Christianity. The Church was not primarily a building or an institution but a community of believers meeting in homes, sharing life, and growing in faith. Nymphas's house was a microcosm of the larger Body of Christ, illustrating how the early church flourished through intimate, local gatherings.
* **The Unsung Heroes of Faith:** Nymphas represents the multitude of individuals in the early Church who, though not prominent apostles or writers, were indispensable to the spread and establishment of Christianity. Their quiet faithfulness, practical service, and willingness to open their homes and lives for the sake of the Gospel were foundational to the movement's success. Their contributions remind us that every act of service, no matter how seemingly small, is significant in God's kingdom.
### Summary
Nymphas (Νυμφᾶς, `{{G3564}}`) is a Greek personal name, likely meaning "nymph-given," which identifies a specific individual in the early Christian community. Mentioned solely in [[Colossians 4:15]], Nymphas is noted as the host of a house church in Laodicea. This single reference reveals Nymphas as a dedicated believer who provided a vital gathering place for Christians, underscoring the critical role of hospitality and lay leadership in the nascent Church. Nymphas's example illuminates the organic, relational nature of early Christian communities and reminds us of the indispensable contributions of countless faithful individuals whose practical service, though often obscure, was foundational to the growth and spread of the Gospel.
TRV