from the comparative of νέος; appertaining to younger persons, i.e. juvenile:--youthful.
Transliteration:neōterikós
Pronunciation:neh-o-ter'-ik-os
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek adjective νεωτερικός (neōterikós) is derived from νέος (neos) `{{G3501}}`, meaning "new" or "young," with the suffix -ikos indicating "pertaining to" or "characteristic of." Its core meaning is "appertaining to younger persons," "juvenile," or "youthful." While νέος simply denotes youth or newness, νεωτερικός specifically points to qualities, traits, or behaviors typical *of* or *belonging to* the young. This can encompass a range of characteristics, from vigor and freshness to inexperience, impetuosity, or a susceptibility to certain desires.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term νεωτερικός appears only once in the New Testament, specifically in [[2 Timothy 2:22]].
The verse reads: "Flee also youthful lusts: but follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart."
In this passage, Paul, an elder apostle, is instructing Timothy, his younger protégé, on how to conduct himself and his ministry. The phrase "youthful lusts" (τὰς νεωτερικὰς ἐπιθυμίας) refers to those desires or passions that are particularly common or potent during the period of youth. These are not necessarily limited to sexual desires, but can encompass a broader range of impulses characteristic of younger individuals, such as ambition, pride, a desire for prominence, quick temper, impulsiveness, or a lack of patience and humility.
The imperative "flee" (φεῦγε) is a strong command, indicating that these "youthful lusts" are not to be entertained or merely resisted, but actively and decisively avoided. This highlights their dangerous and spiritually debilitating nature, especially for someone in spiritual leadership. The contrast is drawn with the virtues Timothy is commanded to "follow": righteousness, faith, love, and peace. This juxtaposition underscores the need for spiritual maturity and disciplined living as an antidote to the potential pitfalls associated with youth.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **νέος (neos) `{{G3501}}`**: The root adjective, meaning "new" or "young." νεωτερικός is a more specific derivative, focusing on characteristics *of* the young.
* **νεότης (neotēs) `{{G3503}}`**: The noun for "youth" or "youthfulness," referring to the state or period of being young.
* **ἐπιθυμία (epithymia) `{{G1939}}`**: "Lust," "desire," or "passion." In the New Testament, this word frequently carries a negative connotation, referring to sinful or inordinate desires. The combination with νεωτερικός specifies the nature or origin of these particular temptations.
* **παῖς (pais) `{{G3816}}` / παιδίον (paidion) `{{G3813}}`**: Terms for "child" or "little child," often emphasizing immaturity or dependence, though not directly related to νεωτερικός in its negative sense.
* **Spiritual Maturity**: The concept of growing in faith and character, often contrasted with the immaturity implied by "youthful lusts." This relates to virtues like patience, self-control, and wisdom, which are often developed over time and through spiritual discipline.
### Theological Significance
The singular appearance of νεωτερικός in [[2 Timothy 2:22]] carries significant theological weight. It serves as a crucial pastoral warning, acknowledging that specific temptations are often associated with particular stages of life. For Timothy, a young leader, "youthful lusts" represent not merely personal failings but potential impediments to faithful ministry and a stumbling block to those he leads. These "lusts" are not inherently evil because they are "youthful," but rather because they are "lusts"—sinful desires—that happen to be particularly prevalent or strong during youth.
The command to "flee" emphasizes the seriousness of these temptations and the necessity of decisive action in spiritual warfare. It underscores the truth that believers, regardless of age, must actively resist the desires of the flesh and pursue holiness. The passage highlights that spiritual maturity is paramount, transcending chronological age. While Timothy is young, he is called to embody virtues that are hallmarks of a mature follower of Christ: righteousness, faith, love, and peace. This implies that the battle against the flesh is ongoing and requires constant vigilance, self-control, and reliance on God's grace to overcome temptations inherent to one's disposition or life stage.
### Summary
The Greek adjective νεωτερικός (neōterikós) signifies "pertaining to younger persons" or "youthful." Its sole New Testament occurrence in [[2 Timothy 2:22]] is profoundly instructive, where Paul admonishes Timothy to "flee youthful lusts." This phrase refers to the specific desires, passions, or characteristics that are often prevalent among younger individuals, which can include sensuality, pride, ambition, impatience, or other forms of impetuosity that hinder spiritual growth and effective ministry. The imperative to "flee" underscores the dangerous nature of these temptations and the necessity of decisive, active resistance. The word highlights the biblical understanding that while youth itself is not inherently sinful, it often brings with it particular inclinations that require spiritual discipline and the intentional pursuit of mature virtues like righteousness, faith, love, and peace. Thus, νεωτερικός serves as a pointed reminder of the call to spiritual vigilance and the ongoing need for sanctification, regardless of one's age.
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