The Greek word methermēneúō, represented by G3177, is used to translate or provide an interpretation. It appears 7 times across 7 unique verses in the New Testament. Derived from words meaning "to explain over," its primary function is to act as a bridge, clarifying the meaning of names, places, and spoken phrases from one language, typically Aramaic or Hebrew, into Greek for the reader.
In the biblical narrative, G3177 is employed to give immediate understanding of significant terms. It is used to explain the prophetic name of Jesus, Emmanuel, which is interpreted as "God with us" Matthew 1:23. The gospel writers use it to translate Jesus' own Aramaic words, such as "Talitha cumi," which is interpreted as, "Damsel, I say unto thee, arise" Mark 5:41, and his cry from the cross, "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani" Mark 15:34. It is also used to translate key titles like "Messias," which is interpreted as "the Christ" John 1:41, and place names like "Golgotha," the place of the crucifixion Mark 15:22.
Several related words provide context for the act of interpretation:
- G1941 epikaléomai (to entitle; by implication, to invoke... surname): This verb is used for assigning a name or title, often one that requires explanation. For example, Joses was surnamed Barnabas by the apostles, a name which is then interpreted Acts 4:36.
- G3004 légō (to "lay" forth... relate... say): This common verb for "to say" often introduces the very words that G3177 is then used to translate, as when Jesus said the words "Talitha cumi" before they were interpreted for the reader Mark 5:41.
- G3686 ónoma (a "name"): This word for name is frequently the subject of the interpretation. This is seen when the meaning of the name Emmanuel is given Matthew 1:23 and when the name of Elymas the sorcerer is clarified by interpretation Acts 13:8.
The functional weight of G3177 is significant, as it ensures crucial theological concepts are not lost in translation for a wider audience.
- Revealing Identity: Interpretation is used to reveal the nature and identity of key figures. Translating "Emmanuel" as "God with us" Matthew 1:23 makes a direct theological statement about Jesus' divine nature. Likewise, interpreting "Messias" as "the Christ" John 1:41 clarifies his role.
- Clarifying Character: The device is used to define a person's character, as when the name "Barnabas" is interpreted as "The son of consolation," giving insight into his role in the early church Acts 4:36.
- Underscoring Pivotal Moments: The word is used to ensure the reader understands the gravity of key events. The translation of Jesus' anguished cry on the cross Mark 15:34 and the name of the place of his crucifixion Mark 15:22 provides the full, solemn weight of the moment.
In summary, G3177 is not merely a linguistic footnote. It is a deliberate scriptural device used to interpret and clarify names, titles, and phrases that carry profound meaning. From identifying Jesus as the "Messias" John 1:41 to explaining the meaning of his name "Emmanuel" Matthew 1:23, the act of interpretation ensures that foundational truths of the faith are understood by all. It demonstrates a commitment within the text itself to making its message clear and accessible across cultural and linguistic barriers.
TRV