### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **lithóstrōtos**, represented by `{{G3038}}`, is defined as stone-strewed, which refers to a tessellated mosaic where a Roman tribunal was placed. It is also translated as **Pavement**. This specific term appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible, marking a singular but significant location.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{G3038}}` is in the account of Jesus's trial before Pilate. After hearing the crowd's demands, Pilate `{{G4091}}` brought `{{G71}}` Jesus `{{G2424}}` forth `{{G1854}}` and sat down `{{G2523}}` on the judgment seat `{{G968}}`. This action took place in a specific location `{{G5117}}` "that is called the **Pavement**" [[John 19:13]]. The verse immediately provides a second name for this place, stating that in the Hebrew `{{G1447}}`, it was called Gabbatha `{{G1042}}`.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context of this specific location:
* `{{G1042}}` **gabbathá** (Gabbatha): This is the Hebrew name for the Pavement, described as a "vernacular term for the Roman tribunal in Jerusalem" [[John 19:13]]. It is identified as a knoll.
* `{{G968}}` **bēma** (judgment-seat): This word for a tribunal or rostrum identifies the object upon which Pilate sat at the Pavement. Its presence signifies the official and judicial nature of the event [[John 19:13]].
* `{{G5117}}` **tópos** (place): This general term for a location is used to introduce the **Pavement**, establishing it as a distinct and identifiable spot where the judgment occurred [[John 19:13]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G3038}}` is tied directly to the singular event that occurs there.
* **A Site of Formal Judgment:** The **Pavement** is the precise physical setting for the Roman verdict against Jesus. It is where Pilate `{{G4091}}` publicly sat on the judgment seat `{{G968}}`, marking a critical moment in the passion narrative [[John 19:13]].
* **An Intersection of Authority:** The scripture's deliberate use of both the Greek-derived name **Pavement** and the Hebrew `{{G1447}}` name Gabbatha `{{G1042}}` highlights the convergence of Roman legal power and the Jewish setting of Jesus's trial.
* **The Stage for Christ's Condemnation:** As the place where Jesus `{{G2424}}` was brought `{{G71}}` forth `{{G1854}}` for this ruling, the **Pavement** serves as the backdrop for the human decision that preceded the crucifixion, a foundational event of scripture.
### Summary
In summary, though `{{G3038}}` appears only once, it holds immense weight. The term **lithóstrōtos** does not merely describe a type of flooring but designates the specific, official ground where Jesus stood before the Roman judgment seat. It is forever linked with its Hebrew name, Gabbatha, and stands in scripture as the named location of one of history's most pivotal verdicts.
TRV