καταχέω

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Greek word katachéō, represented by G2708, is defined as "to pour down (out)". Formed from the words κατά and cheo (to pour), it carries the sense of a deliberate and complete pouring action. It appears only 2 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible, both describing the same significant event.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In its biblical usage, G2708 captures a moment of devotion toward Jesus. In both accounts, a woman approaches Jesus as he sits at a meal and pours the contents of an alabaster box of very precious ointment upon his head Matthew 26:7. One narrative specifies this event took place in Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper, and adds the detail that the woman first broke the alabaster box before she poured the ointment, signifying the totality of her offering Mark 14:3.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words provide context for the substance being poured:

• G3464 mýron (ointment): This is the perfumed oil that the woman pours. It is described as "very precious" in the accounts where G2708 is used (Matthew 26:7, Mark 14:3).
• G3487 nárdos ("nard"): This word specifies the type of ointment as spikenard, noted for being very costly Mark 14:3.
• G4101 pistikós (trustworthy, i.e. genuine (unadulterated)): This term describes the quality of the spikenard, emphasizing that it was genuine and pure Mark 14:3.

Theological Significance

The use of G2708 highlights a profound act of worship.

• A Costly Offering: The substance being poured is consistently described as "very precious" ointment, indicating that the act was one of significant personal sacrifice and honor toward Jesus (Matthew 26:7, Mark 14:3).
• An Unreserved Action: The verb describes a complete "pouring down," which is physically illustrated in Mark's account by the woman breaking the alabaster box, ensuring its entire contents were used in this single act Mark 14:3.
• Anointing the Head: In both instances, the pouring is directed specifically onto Jesus' head, an act of profound respect and reverence.

Summary

In summary, G2708 is a precise verb that, while rare, is used to narrate a pivotal and memorable act of devotion. It exclusively depicts a woman pouring a very expensive ointment over Jesus' head. The word itself, meaning "to pour down," combined with the value of the ointment, conveys the depth and unreserved nature of this singular act of worship recorded in the Gospels.