### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **allótrios**, represented by `{{G245}}`, defines that which is **another's** or **not one's own**. It appears **14 times** across **13 unique verses** in the Bible. Its meaning extends from belonging to someone else to concepts of being **foreign, not akin, hostile**, or a **stranger**. The term establishes a clear distinction between what belongs to one person, group, or domain, and what belongs to another.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G245}}` is used to delineate boundaries in various contexts. It defines personal accountability, as when Paul asks, "Who art thou that judgest **another man's**{G245} servant{G3610}?" [[Romans 14:4]]. The word describes a state of being foreign or alien, such as Abraham sojourning in the promised land "as in a **strange country**{G245}" [[Hebrews 11:9]] or Israel's predicted bondage in a "**strange**{G245} land" [[Acts 7:6]]. Jesus uses it to distinguish his followers, who will not follow a "**stranger**{G245}" because they do not know the "voice{G5456} of **strangers**{G245}" [[John 10:5]]. It can also carry a sense of hostility, referring to the "armies{G3925} of the **aliens**{G245}" turned to flight by faith [[Hebrews 11:34]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concept of what is foreign versus what is one's own:
* `{{G3939}}` **paroikéō** (to dwell near, i.e. reside as a foreigner): This verb describes the action of living as a non-native. It is used alongside `{{G245}}` when Abraham "sojourned{G3939} in the land of promise, as in a strange country{G245}" [[Hebrews 11:9]].
* `{{G2310}}` **themélios** (something put down, i.e. a substruction (of a building, etc.), (literally or figuratively):--foundation): This term relates to the idea of a sphere of work or influence. Paul respected this boundary, striving to preach the gospel where Christ was not already named, lest he "build{G3618} upon **another man's**{G245} foundation{G2310}" [[Romans 15:20]].
* `{{G1658}}` **eleútheros** (unrestrained (to go at pleasure), i.e. (as a citizen) not a slave... exempt): This word provides a direct contrast to a stranger's status. When Jesus discusses taxes, he notes that earthly kings take tribute from **strangers**{G245}, but "the children{G5207} are **free**{G1658}" [[Matthew 17:26]].
### Theological Significance
The theological implications of `{{G245}}` are significant, touching on themes of allegiance, stewardship, and identity.
* **Spiritual Allegiance:** The concept of the "**stranger**{G245}" whose voice is unknown to the sheep establishes a core principle of spiritual discernment and exclusive loyalty to Christ as the true shepherd [[John 10:5]].
* **Ministry Boundaries:** Paul’s refusal to build on "**another man's**{G245} foundation{G2310}" [[Romans 15:20]] or boast in "**another man's**{G245} line{G2583}" [[2 Corinthians 10:16]] sets a standard for respecting the work and spheres of activity God assigns to others.
* **Sojourner Identity:** The description of God's people sojourning in a "**strange**{G245} land" [[Acts 7:6]] is a recurring theme, highlighting that their ultimate citizenship and inheritance are not of this world but are secured by God's promise.
* **Moral Separation:** Believers are warned not to be a "partaker{G2841} of **other**{G245} men's sins{G266}" [[1 Timothy 5:22]], using the word to draw a clear line of moral and ethical separation.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G245}}` is a crucial term for understanding boundaries in the Bible. It functions far beyond a simple label of ownership, defining spiritual allegiance, ministerial integrity, and moral conduct. Whether referring to another person's servant, another's foundation for ministry, or the voice of a spiritual stranger, **allótrios** consistently calls believers to recognize what is not their own and to remain faithful within their designated place and to their one true Master.
TRV