from ἐκ and a derivative of ἄρτιος; to finish out (time); figuratively, to equip fully (a teacher):--accomplish, thoroughly furnish.
Transliteration:exartízō
Pronunciation:ex-ar-tid'-zo
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek verb G1822 (ἐξαρτίζω) is a compound formed from the preposition ἐκ (out of, from) and a derivative of the adjective ἄρτιος (fitting, complete, sufficient, ready). This etymological foundation reveals its core meaning: to bring something to a state of full readiness, perfect completion, or comprehensive fitness. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the action, suggesting a thoroughness or an outcome that leaves nothing wanting.
The semantic range of G1822 can be broadly categorized into two primary applications:
1. **Temporal Completion:** To finish out, accomplish, or bring to an end a specific period or duration of time. This sense emphasizes the conclusion of a set temporal span, indicating that all requirements or events within that period have been fully met or transpired.
2. **Figurative Equipping/Furnishing:** To thoroughly furnish, fully equip, or make perfectly adequate for a particular task, purpose, or state. This application implies a comprehensive preparation, ensuring that one is completely supplied with all that is necessary to fulfill a role or perform an action effectively, leaving no deficiencies.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The verb G1822 (ἐξαρτίζω) appears twice in the New Testament, each instance illustrating one of its primary semantic branches:
* **[[Acts 21:5]]**: "And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went on our way, and they all accompanied us, with wives and children, till we were out of the city. And kneeling down on the shore, we prayed."
* In this context, G1822 is used in its temporal sense. Paul and his companions had completed a specific period, likely the seven days of purification mentioned in the preceding verses (cf. [[Acts 21:26-27]]). The word signifies that the entire duration was fully "finished out" or "accomplished." It marks the complete fulfillment of a set time, allowing for the next phase of their journey to commence. The focus here is on the conclusion of a prescribed temporal event.
* **[[2 Timothy 3:17]]**: "that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work."
* This is the most significant theological usage of G1822. Following the declaration that "All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness" ([[2 Timothy 3:16]]), verse 17 states the ultimate purpose of this divine provision. The Scriptures serve to make the "man of God" (referring to any believer dedicated to God's service, particularly those in leadership or teaching roles) exartizō. Here, it carries the profound meaning of being "thoroughly furnished" or "fully equipped." The implication is that the Scriptures provide everything necessary for a believer to be perfectly prepared and completely adequate for "every good work." This is not a partial or superficial equipping, but a comprehensive readiness, leaving no area of life or service wanting in divine guidance and empowerment.
### Related Words & Concepts
The concept of completeness and thorough preparation is central to G1822, and it shares semantic space with several other Greek terms:
* `{{G737}}` *artios*: The root adjective from which G1822 is derived, meaning "complete, fit, sufficient, ready." It denotes a state of being perfectly fitted or adequate for something.
* `{{G2675}}` *katartizō*: To mend, restore, prepare, complete, perfect. While similar in meaning to exartizō in making something fit or perfect, exartizō often emphasizes a more comprehensive or exhaustive equipping.
* `{{G4137}}` *plēroō*: To fill, complete, fulfill. This word often refers to bringing something to its full measure or actualizing a prophecy or command.
* `{{G5048}}` *teleioō*: To complete, perfect, bring to an end or goal. This term emphasizes reaching a state of perfection or maturity, or bringing a process to its intended conclusion.
* `{{G2693}}` *kataskeuazō*: To prepare, make ready, construct. This word focuses more on the physical act of preparation or construction.
Key concepts related to G1822 include sufficiency (especially of Scripture), comprehensive preparation, divine equipping, completeness, and readiness for service.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of G1822 is primarily concentrated in [[2 Timothy 3:17]]. This verse is foundational for understanding the doctrine of the sufficiency of Scripture. When Paul states that the Scriptures exartizō the "man of God," he is asserting several profound theological truths:
1. **Divine Sufficiency:** God's Word is not merely helpful or beneficial; it is presented as the complete and ultimate means by which believers are prepared for their calling. No external human wisdom or additional revelation is required to achieve this state of perfect readiness for God's service.
2. **Holistic Equipping:** The term "thoroughly furnished" or "fully equipped" implies a comprehensive preparation that covers all facets of a believer's life and ministry. It encompasses spiritual maturity, moral uprightness, doctrinal soundness, and practical readiness for "every good work." The Scriptures equip for both character and conduct.
3. **Purposeful Preparation:** The ultimate aim of this equipping is not passive knowledge but active obedience and service. Believers are exartizō not merely to *know* but to *do* "every good work." This underscores the practical and transformative power of God's Word in shaping lives for faithful service.
4. **Inspiration's Goal:** The inspiration of Scripture (all Scripture is God-breathed, [[2 Timothy 3:16]]) is directly linked to its ability to exartizō. The divine origin of the Bible guarantees its efficacy in perfectly preparing God's people for His purposes.
While [[Acts 21:5]] presents a more mundane application of completing a period, it still subtly points to the orderly fulfillment of events, which can be seen as part of God's sovereign plan unfolding in time.
### Summary
The Greek verb G1822 (ἐξαρτίζω), stemming from the concepts of "out of" and "completeness," signifies bringing something to a state of full readiness or perfect completion. In the New Testament, it is used in two significant ways: to "accomplish" or "finish out" a period of time, as seen in [[Acts 21:5]], marking the thorough conclusion of a temporal duration. More profoundly, in [[2 Timothy 3:17]], it describes the comprehensive equipping of the "man of God" by the divinely inspired Scriptures. Here, exartizō conveys that the Bible is fully sufficient to "thoroughly furnish" or "perfectly equip" believers for "every good work." This highlights the absolute adequacy of God's Word to prepare His people for righteous living and effective service, ensuring a complete and purposeful readiness that leaves nothing lacking for God's intended use.
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