### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **émporos**, represented by `{{G1713}}`, refers to **a (wholesale) tradesman** or **merchant**. It appears **5 times** across **5 unique verses** in the Bible. This term is used both in a parable to illustrate the value of the kingdom of heaven and in prophecy to describe those engaged in worldly, corrupt commerce.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G1713}}` carries two distinct connotations. In the Gospel of Matthew, it is used in a parable where the kingdom of heaven is compared to a **merchant** man who is **seeking** `{{G2212}}` valuable **pearls** `{{G3135}}` [[Matthew 13:45]]. The predominant use, however, appears in Revelation, where the **merchants** of the **earth** `{{G1093}}` are depicted as those who have grown rich through the corrupt system of Babylon [[Revelation 18:3]]. They are shown **weeping** `{{G2799}}` and **mourning** `{{G3996}}` her destruction, not out of repentance, but because no one buys their **merchandise** `{{G1117}}` anymore ([[Revelation 18:11]], [[Revelation 18:15]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide a fuller context for the role of the `{{G1713}}` **merchant**:
* `{{G1117}}` **gómos** (a load, i.e. a cargo, or wares): This word for **merchandise** is directly linked to the trade of the merchants. Their livelihood is lost when no one buys their **merchandise** [[Revelation 18:11]].
* `{{G4147}}` **ploutéō** (to be (or become) wealthy): This describes the outcome of the merchants' trade with Babylon. They "are waxed **rich**" through her delicacies and "were made **rich** by her" ([[Revelation 18:3]], [[Revelation 18:15]]).
* `{{G3135}}` **margarítēs** (a pearl): This object of value is what the **merchant** in Matthew's parable seeks. The singular focus on acquiring the **pearl** illustrates the pursuit of the kingdom of heaven [[Matthew 13:45]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1713}}` is seen in its contrasting portrayals.
* **Symbol of Worldly Corruption:** In Revelation, merchants are emblematic of a global economic system that profits from and participates in Babylon's spiritual **fornication** `{{G4202}}`. They are described as the **great men** `{{G3175}}` of the earth whose influence, tied to sorceries, deceives the **nations** `{{G1484}}` [[Revelation 18:23]].
* **Illustration of Kingdom Value:** The merchant in Matthew's parable represents a positive spiritual archetype. He is a seeker of great value, willing to give up everything he has to acquire the ultimate prize, symbolizing the supreme worth of the kingdom of **heaven** `{{G3772}}` [[Matthew 13:45]].
* **Mourning for Worldly Loss:** The merchants' reaction to Babylon's fall highlights a misplaced devotion. They **weep** `{{G2799}}` and **wail** `{{G3996}}` over the loss of wealth, standing afar off for **fear** `{{G5401}}` of her **torment** `{{G929}}`, demonstrating an attachment to earthly riches rather than divine judgment [[Revelation 18:15]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1713}}` is more than just a label for a tradesman. It serves as a powerful biblical symbol with a dual meaning. It can represent the diligent seeker who recognizes and sacrifices everything for the inestimable value of God's kingdom. Conversely, it can personify the height of worldly wealth and influence, a system entangled with sin and corruption that is ultimately judged alongside the world it serves.
TRV