The Greek word empaigmós, represented by G1701, refers to derision or mocking. It is derived from the word ἐμπαίζω. According to the available data, this specific term is rare, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the Bible, highlighting its specialized use.
The sole appearance of G1701 is in Hebrews 11:36, where it describes one of the severe tests endured by people of faith. In this verse, "cruel mockings" are listed as part of a trial G3984 that "others" G2087 had G2983. The context frames this derision not as a standalone insult, but as a component of intense persecution, alongside scourgings G3148, bonds G1199, and imprisonment G5438.
Several related words in the surrounding text clarify the nature of the suffering associated with G1701:
- G3984 peîra (trial): This word, defined as a "test, i.e. attempt, experience," establishes that the mockings were part of a larger ordeal designed to test one's endurance Hebrews 11:36.
- G3148 mástix (scourging): This term for a whip or plague is directly paired with mockings, indicating that the derision was accompanied by physical violence Hebrews 11:36.
- G1199 desmón (bonds): Described as a shackle or chain, this word signifies physical restraint and loss of freedom as a consequence of faith Hebrews 11:36.
- G5438 phylakḗ (imprisonment): This term further defines the physical consequences, moving from restraint to actual confinement in a prison or cage Hebrews 11:36.
The theological weight of G1701 is understood through its context as an element of faithful suffering.
- Persecution as a Test: The word is explicitly situated within a trial G3984, framing the experience of mocking as a test of one's convictions Hebrews 11:36.
- A Mark of Faithfulness: Enduring such persecution is presented as a characteristic of the faithful. The experience of imprisonment G5438, which is listed with mockings, is elsewhere described as a trial where one must be "faithful unto death" to receive "a crown of life" Revelation 2:10.
- Shared Apostolic Suffering: The afflictions mentioned alongside mockings, such as bonds G1199 and imprisonments G5438, are referenced in other texts as hardships endured for the sake of the gospel (Philippians 1:7, 2 Corinthians 11:23).
In summary, G1701 is a potent but narrowly used term for derision. Its single biblical occurrence in Hebrews 11:36 places it at the heart of persecution, where verbal abuse is inseparable from severe physical suffering. It functions not merely as an insult but as a key component of the trials that test and ultimately demonstrate profound faith.
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