from ἐκ and φέρω; to bear out (literally or figuratively):--bear, bring forth, carry forth (out).
Transliteration:ekphérō
Pronunciation:ek-fer'-o
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek verb `{{G1627}}` *ekphérō* is a compound word formed from the preposition `{{G1537}}` *ek* (out of, from) and the verb `{{G5342}}` *phérō* (to bear, carry, bring). This etymology immediately highlights its core meaning: "to bear out," "to carry forth," or "to bring forth." The fundamental sense emphasizes a movement from an interior or hidden state to an exterior or manifested one.
Its semantic range extends from the literal to the highly figurative:
1. **Literal Carrying:** To physically transport something or someone out of a place, as in carrying a body for burial or a sick person into the open.
2. **Producing/Bringing Forth (Natural):** To yield or produce, especially in the context of plants bearing fruit. This denotes a natural, inherent capacity to bring something into existence.
3. **Manifesting/Disclosing (Figurative):** To bring to light, reveal, or make manifest what was previously hidden. This can apply to words spoken from the heart, actions emanating from one's character, or even the disclosure of truth.
4. **Presenting/Offering:** To bring something forth for presentation or offering.
The consistent thread is the idea of an outward movement, a bringing into visibility or existence from a prior state of concealment or non-manifestation.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
`{{G1627}}` *ekphérō* appears in the New Testament with various nuanced applications, illustrating its semantic breadth:
* **Literal Physical Transport:** In [[Mark 6:55]], the sick are "carried out" (ἐκφέρειν) on mats into the market places to be touched by Jesus. Similarly, in [[Luke 15:22]], the father commands his servants to "bring out" (ἐξενέγκατε) the best robe for the prodigal son, a literal action imbued with symbolic restoration. [[Acts 5:15]] describes people "carrying out" (ἐκφέρειν) the sick into the streets. The most solemn literal use is in [[Acts 5:6]] and [[Acts 5:9]], where young men "carried out" (ἐξενέγκαντες) the bodies of Ananias and Sapphira for burial, underscoring the finality of death.
* **Figurative Production/Yielding:** The verb is frequently used in the context of trees bearing fruit, often as a metaphor for spiritual fruitfulness or the manifestation of one's character. In [[Matthew 13:23]], the good ground "bears fruit" (ἐκφέρει) and yields a crop. [[James 3:12]] poses rhetorical questions: "Can a fig tree, my brothers, *bear* (ἐκφερειν) olives, or a grapevine figs?" This highlights the principle that a nature will always produce fruit consistent with itself. This concept is foundational to understanding the character of a believer or the nature of a false teacher.
* **Manifestation of Inner Character/Words:** Perhaps one of the most profound uses is in relation to what proceeds from the heart. [[Matthew 12:35]] states, "The good person out of his good treasure *brings forth* (ἐκφέρει) good, and the evil person out of his evil treasure *brings forth* (ἐκφέρει) evil." A parallel passage in [[Luke 6:45]] reiterates this, emphasizing that "out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks." Here, *ekphérō* signifies the external manifestation of an internal state—words and actions reveal the true nature of the heart.
* **Spiritual Identification and Action:** In [[Hebrews 13:13]], believers are exhorted, "Therefore let us go *forth* (ἐξερχώμεθα, though not *ekphérō* here, the concept of "going out" is similar) to Him outside the camp, *bearing* (ἐκφέροντες) His reproach." While the primary verb for "go forth" is *exerchomai*, *ekphérō* is used for "bearing" His reproach, signifying a deliberate act of carrying or enduring suffering in identification with Christ, moving from the "camp" (representing the old covenant or worldly system) to a place of separation and solidarity with the crucified Lord.
### Related Words & Concepts
The study of `{{G1627}}` *ekphérō* is enriched by examining its relationship to other terms:
* **`{{G5342}}` *phérō* (to bear, carry):** As the root verb, *phérō* is the general term for carrying. The addition of *ek* specifically denotes the *outward* direction, making *ekphérō* more precise about manifestation or expulsion.
* **`{{G1607}}` *ekballō* (to cast out, throw out):** While both *ekphérō* and *ekballō* involve an "outward" movement, *ekballō* often implies a more forceful, deliberate, or even violent expulsion (e.g., casting out demons, throwing out unprofitable servants). *Ekphérō* tends to be more about producing, presenting, or simply carrying out.
* **`{{G4304}}` *propherō* (to bring forth, offer):** This verb also means "to bring forth" but carries the nuance of bringing something forward or presenting it, often as an offering or in a public display. While similar to *ekphérō* in some contexts of manifestation, *ekphérō* more strongly emphasizes the origin *from* which something comes.
* **`{{G1537}}` *ek* (out of, from):** The preposition itself is crucial to understanding the "outward" dynamic inherent in *ekphérō*. It signifies source, origin, or separation.
* **Concepts of Fruitfulness and Manifestation:** The word is deeply intertwined with biblical concepts of spiritual fruit (e.g., fruit of the Spirit, fruit of repentance), the manifestation of one's inner character through words and deeds, and the revelation of truth.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G1627}}` *ekphérō* largely revolves around the themes of revelation, authenticity, and identification:
1. **Authenticity and Inner Revelation:** The use of *ekphérō* in passages like [[Matthew 12:35]] and [[Luke 6:45]] is profoundly significant for understanding biblical anthropology and ethics. It teaches that one's words and actions are not merely superficial behaviors but are direct "outward" manifestations of the heart's true condition. A good heart "brings forth" good things, and an evil heart "brings forth" evil. This principle underscores the importance of inner transformation, as true righteousness stems from a renewed heart, not just outward conformity. It challenges believers to examine the source of their words and deeds.
2. **Spiritual Fruitfulness:** In the context of bearing fruit (e.g., [[James 3:12]]), *ekphérō* highlights the natural consequence of spiritual life. Just as a tree produces fruit according to its kind, a person indwelt by the Spirit will "bring forth" the fruit of the Spirit (cf. `{{G2590}}` *karpophoréō* is often used here, but the concept is shared). The ability to "bear" good fruit is evidence of a vital connection to Christ, the true vine. Conversely, the inability to bear good fruit signals a problem with the root.
3. **Identification with Christ:** The exhortation in [[Hebrews 13:13]] to "bear His reproach" outside the camp carries significant theological weight. It calls believers to a radical identification with Christ in His suffering and rejection by the world. It signifies a willingness to separate from worldly systems and values, embracing the shame and ostracism that often accompany genuine discipleship. This "carrying forth" of reproach is an active, deliberate choice to follow Christ into His suffering, demonstrating true allegiance.
4. **Divine Purpose and Providence:** While less frequent in direct application to God's actions with *ekphérō*, the underlying concept of God "bringing forth" His plans, judgments, and blessings into manifestation is a pervasive biblical theme. The word reminds us that what is hidden or planned by God will eventually be brought into the open.
### Summary
`{{G1627}}` *ekphérō* is a versatile Greek verb meaning "to bear out," "to carry forth," or "to bring forth." Its core semantic contribution is the emphasis on an outward movement or manifestation from an internal or hidden state. In the New Testament, it is used literally for physical transport, but more significantly, it conveys the idea of producing fruit (both literal and spiritual), manifesting the true character of the heart through words and deeds, and actively identifying with Christ by "bearing His reproach." Theologically, *ekphérō* underscores the critical link between one's inner state and outer expression, the authenticity of spiritual fruitfulness, and the call to costly discipleship through identification with the suffering Christ. It consistently points to the principle that what is truly within will inevitably be brought forth into the light.
TRV