αἰχμαλωσία

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Greek word aichmalōsía, represented by G161, defines captivity. It is a focused term derived from αἰχμάλωτος, appearing 3 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible. It refers directly to the state of being taken captive.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In its biblical applications, G161 is used to convey two distinct ideas. In Revelation, it establishes a clear principle of reciprocal justice, stating, "He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity" Revelation 13:10. This declaration underscores a divine law of consequence. In Ephesians, the term is used metaphorically to describe Christ's triumphant ascension, where it says "he led captivity captive" Ephesians 4:8, signifying a complete victory over the forces that hold humanity in bondage.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help illustrate the context of captivity:

• G162 aichmalōteúō (to capture:--lead captive): This verb form is used to describe the action in Ephesians 4:8, where Christ is said to "lead captivity captive."
• G4863 synágō (to lead together...): This is the word used for the act of leading someone into bondage in Revelation 13:10.
• G3162 máchaira (a knife... sword): This term is used in direct parallel with captivity in Revelation 13:10, linking the fate of captors to those who kill with the sword.
• G615 apokteínō (to kill outright): This word for killing appears in the same verse as G161, reinforcing the theme of severe judgment for those who harm the saints Revelation 13:10.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of G161 is demonstrated in its specific applications.

• Divine Retribution: The term is central to the promise of justice in Revelation. The statement that leading others into captivity results in one's own capture is presented as a source of "patience and the faith of the saints" Revelation 13:10.
• Christ's Victory: The phrase "he led captivity captive" from Ephesians 4:8 is a powerful declaration of Christ's authority. In his ascension, he overpowered the very concept of captivity and, as a result, "gave gifts unto men."

Summary

In summary, G161 is a concise and powerful word for captivity. Though it appears infrequently, it is used to frame profound theological truths about both divine justice and Christ's ultimate triumph. It illustrates a clear law of consequence for persecutors and celebrates the liberating power of Christ over all bondage.