The Greek word diploûs, represented by G1362, means two-fold or double. It is derived from δίς and (probably) the base of πλείων. Though used sparingly, it appears 4 times across 3 unique verses, carrying significant weight in each context.
In its biblical usage, G1362 serves to quantify both reward and condemnation. In 1 Timothy 5:17, elders who rule well are to be considered worthy of "double honour". Conversely, in Matthew 23:15, Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for making a convert who becomes "twofold more the child of hell" than they are. The term is used twice in a single verse in the context of divine judgment, where a voice from heaven commands that Babylon be repaid "double" and that her cup be filled "double" for her deeds Revelation 18:6.
Several related words help clarify the application of G1362:
- G1363 diplóō (to render two-fold): This verb is used alongside its adjectival form in Revelation 18:6, issuing the command to "double unto her double," emphasizing the active nature of the judgment.
- G5092 timḗ (honour): This is the specific reward that is to be doubled for diligent church leaders in 1 Timothy 5:17. It signifies esteem, value, and dignity.
- G591 apodídōmi (to...reward): This word for repaying or rendering what is due is paired with diploûs in Revelation 18:6, framing the "double" portion as a just recompense for Babylon's actions.
- G2041 érgon (deed, doing, labour, work): The basis for receiving a "double" measure, whether for good or ill, is often one's works. This is seen in the judgment of Babylon "according to her works" Revelation 18:6.
The theological weight of G1362 is found in its application as a divine multiplier for consequences.
- Intensified Judgment: The primary theological use is to demonstrate a principle of intensified retribution. In Revelation 18:6, the call to "double unto her double" establishes that the judgment against systemic evil is not merely an equal measure but a magnified one.
- Proportional Reward: The word also establishes a principle for reward within the church. Elders who labor in the word and doctrine are worthy of "double honour," signifying a greater degree of respect and value for their service 1 Timothy 5:17.
- Escalated Corruption: In Matthew 23:15, the term highlights the corrupting nature of hypocrisy. The proselyte of the Pharisees is made "twofold more the child of hell," indicating that corrupted teaching can produce an even greater degree of wickedness.
In summary, G1362 functions as a powerful term of multiplication. While its appearances are few, they are impactful, applying the concept of "double" to matters of eternal significance. Whether signifying the abundance of honour for the faithful, the severity of judgment for the wicked, or the compounding nature of hypocrisy, diploûs underscores a biblical principle where actions and affiliations can result in greatly magnified consequences.
TRV