### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **diagongýzō**, represented by `{{G1234}}`, means to **murmur** or to complain throughout a crowd. Derived from διά and γογγύζω, it describes a widespread, verbal expression of discontent. It appears **3 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible, always in the context of disapproval toward Jesus.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G1234}}` is used to capture the negative reaction to Jesus's association with those considered sinners. The Pharisees `{{G5330}}` and scribes `{{G1122}}` **murmured** because Jesus "receiveth sinners `{{G268}}`, and eateth with them" [[Luke 15:2]]. Similarly, when Jesus went to be a guest at the house of a sinner, all who saw it **murmured**, questioning his decision to associate with such a man [[Luke 19:7]]. In both instances, the word highlights a conflict between Jesus's inclusive actions and the exclusive expectations of the observers.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context of this murmuring:
* `{{G268}}` **hamartōlós** (sinner): This word identifies the people whose company sparked the complaint. Jesus's choice to be a guest with a **sinner** [[Luke 19:7]] and to receive and eat with **sinners** [[Luke 15:2]] is the direct cause of the murmuring.
* `{{G5330}}` **Pharisaîos** (Pharisee): This term identifies a key group who engaged in the murmuring. As a religious sectary or "separatist," their disapproval stemmed from Jesus crossing established social and religious boundaries [[Luke 15:2]].
* `{{G1122}}` **grammateús** (scribe): Defined as a writer or secretary, **scribes** are mentioned alongside the Pharisees as those who **murmured** against Jesus's fellowship with sinners, indicating a unified opposition from the religious authorities [[Luke 15:2]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1234}}` is found in the conflict it reveals.
* **A Complaint Against Grace:** The act of murmuring is a direct challenge to Jesus's mission. The complaint that He "receiveth `{{G4327}}` sinners `{{G268}}`" [[Luke 15:2]] underscores a clash between the religious elite's standard of righteousness and Jesus's extension of fellowship to the outcast.
* **Revealing Hypocrisy:** The murmuring of the Pharisees and scribes exposes their external-focused religion. While they were concerned with the appearance of associating with a **sinner** `{{G268}}`, their reaction stood in contrast to Jesus's focus on redemption and inclusion.
* **Widespread Disapproval:** The use of "all" `{{G537}}` in [[Luke 19:7]] shows that this sentiment was not confined to a few leaders but represented a broader crowd's reaction. It demonstrates how deeply the social segregation from sinners was ingrained in the culture.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1234}}` is more than a simple complaint; it is a term that encapsulates the core of the opposition Jesus faced. Used exclusively to describe the reaction to His ministry to sinners, it highlights the tension between divine grace and human judgment. The word marks the disapproval of both the general populace and the religious authorities, vividly capturing the offense taken at a savior who would willingly eat with sinners.
TRV