### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **dēmósios**, represented by `{{G1219}}`, pertains to that which is **public**. It appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses** in the Bible. Derived from δῆμος, its meaning relates to actions or places that are open, such as "in public," "openly," or "common."
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G1219}}` is used to describe the nature of apostolic ministry and public affairs. It is used adverbially to show that Paul's teaching in Ephesus was done **publickly** and from house to house, holding nothing back [[Acts 20:20]]. Similarly, Apollos convinced the Jews **publickly** by showing from the scriptures that Jesus was the Christ [[Acts 18:28]]. The word also appears in the context of justice and punishment, where Paul protests being beaten **openly** without a trial [[Acts 16:37]], and it is used to describe the "**common** prison" where the apostles were held [[Acts 5:18]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concept of public versus private action:
* `{{G1321}}` **didáskō** (to teach): This word is often linked with `{{G1219}}` to specify the open nature of apostolic instruction. Paul is described as having "taught you **publickly**" [[Acts 20:20]].
* `{{G2977}}` **láthra** (privately): This term serves as a direct contrast to `{{G1219}}`. Paul rejects being thrust out "privily" after being beaten "openly" [[Acts 16:37]], highlighting the distinction between secret actions and public accountability.
* `{{G312}}` **anangéllō** (to announce (in detail)): Used alongside `{{G1219}}` in [[Acts 20:20]], this word reinforces the idea of a full and open declaration, as Paul "shewed" and "taught" the people publicly.
* `{{G5084}}` **tḗrēsis** (a watching, i.e. (figuratively) observance, or (concretely) a prison): This word is paired with `{{G1219}}` to name a public institution, the "common **prison**" [[Acts 5:18]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{G1219}}` lies in its emphasis on the open and transparent nature of the early church's mission and its engagement with civic life.
* **Open Proclamation:** The gospel was not a secret message but was taught and defended **publickly**, as seen in the ministries of both Paul and Apollos ([[Acts 20:20]], [[Acts 18:28]]). This demonstrates a commitment to open witness.
* **Public Accountability:** The word is central to Paul's demand for justice. By highlighting that he and his companions were beaten **openly**, he contrasts the public nature of the injustice with the authorities' attempt to dismiss them secretly [[Acts 16:37]].
* **Interaction with Public Institutions:** The term is used to identify a state-controlled entity, the "**common** prison" [[Acts 5:18]], placing the apostles' suffering directly within the public sphere.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1219}}` is more than just a descriptor of location; it is a key term for understanding the public-facing character of early Christianity as recorded in the book of Acts. It defines the manner of apostolic teaching, establishes a basis for public justice, and identifies the civic spaces where the church's mission unfolded. The word illustrates the apostles' refusal to operate in secrecy, instead proclaiming their message and demanding accountability in the open.
TRV