### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **gnōsis**, represented by `{{G1108}}`, is derived from the verb to know, `ginṓskō`. It refers to **knowing (the act)** and by implication, **knowledge** or **science**. It appears **29 times** across **28 unique verses** in the Bible. This term signifies a knowledge that can be both intellectual and experiential, often referring to a deeper, spiritual understanding rather than mere factual awareness.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G1108}}` is used in several significant contexts. It frequently describes the intimate and transforming **knowledge** of God and Christ, which is considered of supreme value [[Philippians 3:8]]. God gives believers "the light of the **knowledge** of the glory of God" [[2 Corinthians 4:6]]. It is also presented as a spiritual gift, such as the "word of **knowledge**" given by the Spirit [[1 Corinthians 12:8]], and a key component of Christian growth to be added to one's faith [[2 Peter 1:5]]. However, the term is also used in a cautionary sense, as seen when this **knowledge** can "puffeth up" [[1 Corinthians 8:1]] or when believers are warned against "science falsely so called" [[1 Timothy 6:20]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the concept of knowledge:
* `{{G1097}}` **ginṓskō** (to "know"): As the root verb, this word denotes the process of knowing or coming to an understanding. It is through this act that one can "**know** the truth" [[John 8:32]] and be set free.
* `{{G4678}}` **sophía** (wisdom): This term is often paired with **gnōsis**, highlighting a distinction between the comprehension of facts and the skill of applying them rightly. Believers can marvel at the "wisdom and **knowledge** of God" [[Romans 11:33]].
* `{{G1492}}` **eídō** (to see/know): This verb also means to know, but often implies knowing as a result of having seen or perceived something. In a key passage, it is used to state a presumed fact—"we **know** that we all have **knowledge**"—before warning about the pride that can come from this knowledge [[1 Corinthians 8:1]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G1108}}` is substantial, defining the believer's journey from spiritual darkness to light.
* **Knowledge and Salvation:** The term is directly linked to salvation, which is given "by the remission of their sins" [[Luke 1:77]]. This saving **knowledge** is centered on Christ, and believers are to grow in it [[2 Peter 3:18]].
* **A Foundation for Christian Character:** **Knowledge** is a foundational element to be added to faith and virtue ([[2 Peter 1:5]], [[2 Peter 1:6]]). It is a quality that, along with goodness, equips believers to admonish one another [[Romans 15:14]].
* **Knowledge Tempered by Love:** Scripture warns that **knowledge** by itself is insufficient and potentially harmful. It "puffeth up," but charity edifieth [[1 Corinthians 8:1]]. Misapplied **knowledge** can cause a weak brother to perish [[1 Corinthians 8:11]]. Furthermore, the love of Christ is so profound that it "passeth **knowledge**" [[Ephesians 3:19]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1108}}` represents far more than a collection of facts. It is a deep, spiritual **knowledge** of God that is central to salvation and Christian maturity. It is a gift of the Spirit and a virtue to be pursued. Yet, it carries a stern warning: without love and humility, it can lead to arrogance and be destructive. The concept of **gnōsis** illustrates the biblical call to pursue a true understanding of God, while recognizing that this pursuit must be guided by love for God and others.
TRV