from γλῶσσα and the base of κόσμος; properly, a case (to keep mouthpieces of wind-instruments in) i.e. (by extension) a casket or (specially) purse:--bag.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek noun γλωσσόκομον (glōssókomon, `{{G1101}}`) is a compound word derived from γλῶσσα (glōssa, `{{G1100}}`), meaning "tongue" or "mouthpiece," and a derivative of κομέω (komeō), meaning "to take care of" or "to tend." The root κόσμος (kosmos, `{{G2889}}`) implies order or arrangement, suggesting a container designed for proper keeping.
Initially, γλωσσόκομον referred to a small box or case specifically designed to hold the mouthpieces of wind instruments, such as flutes. Over time, its semantic range broadened to encompass any small, portable container for valuables. This could include a casket, a small chest, or, as is exclusively the case in the New Testament, a money-box or purse. The evolution from a specialized musical instrument case to a general money-bag highlights a practical adaptation of the term to a common, everyday item of financial management.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term γλωσσόκομον appears exclusively in the Gospel of John, where it is consistently used to refer to the money bag entrusted to Judas Iscariot, who served as the treasurer for Jesus and His disciples.
* In [[John 12:6]], following Mary's anointing of Jesus' feet with costly perfume, Judas objects, suggesting the perfume should have been sold for the poor. The evangelist immediately clarifies Judas's true motive: "This he said, not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and had the money bag and used to pilfer what was put into it." Here, the γλωσσόκομον is explicitly identified as the object of Judas's responsibility and, tragically, his dishonesty. It underscores his character flaw of avarice.
* Similarly, in [[John 13:29]], during the Last Supper, when Jesus tells Judas to "do quickly what you are going to do," the disciples misunderstand. "For some thought, because Judas had the money bag, that Jesus was telling him, 'Buy what we need for the feast,' or that he should give something to the poor." This verse further solidifies the association of the γλωσσόκομον with Judas's role as the group's treasurer. The disciples' assumption reveals the common understanding of Judas's function, making his subsequent betrayal even more poignant.
In both instances, the γλωσσόκομον serves as a tangible symbol of the trust placed in Judas by Jesus and the community of disciples. It also becomes the silent witness to Judas's internal corruption, revealing his true character as a thief despite his outward appearance of concern or responsibility.
### Related Words & Concepts
The study of γλωσσόκομον naturally connects to several related terms and theological concepts:
* **γλῶσσα (glōssa, `{{G1100}}`):** While the primary meaning of γλῶσσα is "tongue" or "language," its use in the compound γλωσσόκομον highlights its more specific application as a "mouthpiece" for an instrument. This etymological link grounds the word in its original, concrete sense of a specialized container.
* **θησαυρός (thēsauros, `{{G2344}}`):** This word refers to a "treasure" or "treasury" and is a broader term for a place where valuables are stored. While the γλωσσόκομον is a specific type of container, θησαυρός encompasses a wider range of storage for wealth, often with spiritual implications (e.g., storing up treasures in heaven).
* **ἀργύριον (argyrion, `{{G694}}`):** Meaning "silver" or "money," this term represents the contents of the γλωσσόκομον. The love of ἀργύριον is often cited as a root of evil in the New Testament.
* **Stewardship and Trust:** The γλωσσόκομον inherently represents a position of trust and responsibility. Judas was a steward of the group's finances, a role that he tragically abused. This contrasts sharply with faithful stewardship exemplified by figures like Joseph in the Old Testament or the parables of Jesus.
* **Avarice and Betrayal:** The presence of the γλωσσόκομον in the narrative of Judas is inextricably linked to his covetousness and ultimate betrayal. It symbolizes the corrupting influence of money when placed above loyalty and integrity.
### Theological Significance
The γλωσσόκομον, though a simple object, carries profound theological weight due to its singular association with Judas Iscariot.
Firstly, it serves as a stark illustration of the **danger of avarice and the corruption of the heart**. Judas, despite being one of the twelve chosen disciples, harbored a love for money that ultimately led him to betray the Son of God. The γλωσσόκομον becomes a constant, tangible reminder of this internal struggle and eventual downfall. It underscores Jesus's warning in [[Matthew 6:24]] that "No one can serve two masters... You cannot serve God and money."
Secondly, the γλωσσόκομον highlights the **depth of Jesus's knowledge and His sovereign plan**. Jesus knew Judas's heart and his thievery (cf. [[John 6:70-71]]), yet He still entrusted him with the money bag. This act of trust, though abused, was part of the divine unfolding of events leading to the crucifixion, fulfilling prophecy and demonstrating God's ultimate control even over human sin.
Finally, the γλωσσόκομον offers a powerful lesson on **the nature of discipleship and integrity**. True discipleship demands faithfulness in all areas, including financial stewardship. Judas's misuse of the money bag stands in stark contrast to the selfless giving and communal sharing that characterized the early church (cf. [[Acts 2:44-45]]). It serves as a cautionary tale for all who are entrusted with resources, whether material or spiritual, to exercise integrity and avoid the pitfalls of greed.
### Summary
The Greek word γλωσσόκομον (glōssókomon, `{{G1101}}`), originally denoting a case for musical instrument mouthpieces, evolved to signify a small box or, most notably in the New Testament, a money bag. Its exclusive occurrences in the Gospel of John tie it directly and tragically to Judas Iscariot, who served as the treasurer for Jesus and His disciples. The γλωσσόκομον thus becomes a poignant symbol of the trust placed in Judas, a trust he consistently betrayed through his thievery. Theologically, this seemingly mundane object profoundly illustrates the destructive power of avarice, the foreknowledge of Christ, and the critical importance of integrity in stewardship. It stands as a silent witness to Judas's internal corruption, serving as a timeless warning against the love of money that leads to spiritual ruin and ultimate betrayal.
TRV