### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek term γαλήνη (galḗnē, `{{G1055}}`) signifies a state of profound tranquility or calm. Its primary application, as evidenced in biblical usage, refers specifically to the cessation of wind and waves, resulting in a peaceful and still condition on a body of water. The base definition, "of uncertain derivation; tranquillity:--calm," suggests it is a fundamental and descriptive term for this specific natural phenomenon. It implies a complete absence of disturbance, a deep stillness that follows a period of agitation or storm.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word γαλήνη (galḗnē, `{{G1055}}`) appears three times in the New Testament, exclusively within the Synoptic Gospels' accounts of Jesus calming the storm on the Sea of Galilee:
* [[Matthew 8:26]]: "Then he arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a great calm."
* [[Mark 4:39]]: "And he awoke and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, 'Peace! Be still!' And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm."
* [[Luke 8:24]]: "And they went and woke him, saying, 'Master, Master, we are perishing!' And he awoke and rebuked the wind and the raging waves, and they ceased, and there was a calm."
In each instance, galḗnē describes the immediate, supernatural, and complete cessation of the violent tempest after Jesus' authoritative command. The "great calm" (μεγάλη γαλήνη) emphasizes the absolute and instantaneous transformation from chaos to perfect stillness. This is not a gradual abatement of the storm but a sudden, miraculous manifestation of divine power over creation. The context highlights Jesus' unique authority, prompting awe and fear among the disciples who witness such an unparalleled display of sovereignty.
### Related Words & Concepts
To fully appreciate γαλήνη (galḗnē, `{{G1055}}`), it is helpful to consider its relationship to other Greek terms:
* **Antonyms/Opposites:** Words denoting storm, wind, or waves, such as `{{G2978}}` (lailaps - whirlwind, tempest), `{{G2979}}` (laps - storm), `{{G4161}}` (pneuma - wind) when referring to a destructive force, and `{{G2821}}` (klydōn - surge, wave). The dramatic shift from these tumultuous states to galḗnē underscores the power at play.
* **Related Concepts:** The concept of `{{G1515}}` (eirēnē - peace) is closely linked, as seen in Jesus' command, "Peace! Be still!" (Mark 4:39). While galḗnē specifically describes the natural environment, eirēnē can encompass broader spiritual and relational peace. The stillness implied by `{{G2271}}` (hēsychia - quietness, stillness) also shares conceptual ground, though galḗnē is more directly tied to the cessation of meteorological disturbance. The divine act of bringing order out of chaos, reminiscent of creation narratives, is a significant related concept.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of γαλήνη (galḗnē, `{{G1055}}`) is profound, centering on the revelation of Jesus Christ's divine nature and authority.
1. **Divine Sovereignty:** The sudden and complete galḗnē demonstrates Jesus' absolute sovereignty over creation, a power traditionally attributed to Yahweh in the Old Testament (e.g., [[Psalm 107:29]], [[Psalm 89:9]]). This miracle reveals Him as the Lord of all, capable of commanding even the most chaotic elements of nature.
2. **Christological Revelation:** The disciples' astonished question, "Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?" ([[Mark 4:41]]), is central to Christology. The galḗnē serves as irrefutable evidence of Jesus' unique identity as the Son of God, possessing authority parallel to God the Father.
3. **Symbol of Spiritual Peace:** Beyond the literal calming of a physical storm, the galḗnē often serves as a powerful symbol for Christ's ability to bring peace to the inner turmoil of human hearts and to the chaotic circumstances of life. Just as He stills the furious waves, He can quell fear, anxiety, and spiritual unrest, offering a profound eirēnē (peace).
4. **Overcoming Chaos:** The transition from terrifying tempest to perfect galḗnē signifies God's ultimate power to restore order and peace where there was previously disorder and fear. This act foreshadows Christ's ultimate victory over all forms of chaos, including sin and death.
### Summary
Galḗnē (`{{G1055}}`) denotes a state of complete tranquility, specifically the calm that descends upon water after a storm. Its three occurrences in the New Testament ([[Matthew 8:26]], [[Mark 4:39]], [[Luke 8:24]]) are exclusively found in the narratives of Jesus calming the storm. In these contexts, galḗnē serves as a powerful testament to Jesus' divine authority and absolute power over creation, revealing His identity as the Lord who commands even the wind and the sea. The "great calm" symbolizes not only the physical peace He brings but also the spiritual peace offered to those who trust in His sovereign command, demonstrating His ability to bring order out of chaos and to dispel fear with His presence.
TRV